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COMPENDIUM 



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UNITED STATES HISTORY 



ARRANGED IN TOPICAL OUTLINE, PRESERVING A LOGICAL 
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS, 
TO WHICH IS APPENDED A BRIEF OUTLINE 

HISTORY OF OHIO 




S. D. FESS, A. M. 

PROFESSOR OF U. S. HISTORY IN THE OHIO NORMAL 
UNIVERSITY, ADA, OHIO. 




ADA, OHIO! 
PUBLISHED BY S. D. FESS. 
1 89I 



COPYRIGHT, 1891, BY S. D. FESS. 



til t 



HERALD PRINT, ADA, OHIO. 



PREFACE. 



This volume goes before the public not as an ad- 
venture but as a response to the demands of my pupils, 
and with a hope that it may be of some use to the gen- 
eral student of history. The work is designed to present 
our history as a growth and thus the basis of classifica- 
tion is not chronology so much as cause and effect. The 
facts are arranged after the laws of association so as to 
aid the memory and at the same time to give strength 
of mind, discipline, to the pupil. The grouping of events 
is designed to follow a topic, such as Slavery, Taxation, 
etc., from its first appearance to the end and thus render 
history easy and attractive to all. Political Campaigns, 
Parties, Candidates, Issues, Vote, both popular and elec- 
toral, Congresses, and Platforms are all outlined. 

The Exponential System is used for convenience. 
It is easily understood. Co-ordinate topics always have 
the same exponent and subordinate topics an exponent 
higher than the topic to which it is subordinate. 

In the classification of Wars, the first mentioned 
general is the American or Union general unless other- 
wise stated, and "V" always refers to Union or American 
victory. The number of men engaged and date are given 
only in the most important battles. 



The work is intended to encompass our history in a 
brief but entirely complete outline, easily learned and 
easily retained. It is intended to be complete in itself 
and may be used in connection with any extensive refer- 
ence work. It is the result of an elaborate course of 
reading. 

There will occur no doubt, mistakes in the first edi- 
tion and the author welcomes any suggestions from his 
fellow teachers or students. 

S. D. F. 



UNITED STATES HISTORY. 




I 1 Periods. 

i 2 ANTIQUITY— ABORIGINAL— EARLIEST 
TIME TO 986. 
1 3 Inhabitants. 
i 4 Vikings — wholly traditional. 
2 4 Primitive — Mound Builders. 
I 5 Origin and Fate — unknown. 
2 5 Time — supposed to be many hundred years. 
3 5 Knowledge. 
i 6 Positive — existence and location. 
2 6 Conjectural — some degree of development. 

I 7 Intellectual, religious and commercial. 
3 6 Source of knowledge. 
i 7 Structures of stone and earth. 
2 7 Chisels, axes, knives, bracelets, beads. 
3 7 Immense mounds, tools, trinkets, etc. — mounds 
sixteen miles in length. 
4 5 General Statement — Does he belong to the In- 
dian race? 
i 6 No.— More intelligent. 
i 7 Shape of mounds and tools shows exactness — 

not of the Indian. 
2 7 Remains indicate commerce, and steps beyond 
savagery. 

2 6 Yes. — All the above may be due to geographical 
causes. 




6 Outlines of United States History. 



3 4 Aborigines — Indian — Red-Man. 
I 5 Name given by Columbus — supposed to be of 
India. 

2 5 Origin of race — traditional. 
I 6 May have crossed Bering Strait from Asia. 
2 6 May have drifted across the Pacific Ocean. — 
Probable. 

3 6 May have been the "Lost Tribe of Israel". 
3 5 Tribal Division. 
I 6 Algonquins. 
I 7 Location — New England, western N. Y. and 

Pa., south of Ohio and Indiana. 
2 7 Families — eleven in all. 
I 8 Most important — Ottawas, Sacs and Foxes, 
Miamis, Mohegans. 
3 7 Character, warlike — but little development 

until late years. 
2 6 Huron Iroquois — Mingoes, Mohawks, Long 
House or Cabin builders. 
I 7 Location — about the Great Lakes. 
2 7 Families— "Five Nations". 
I 8 Original — Mohawks, Senecas, Cuyugas, Onei- 

das and Onondagas. 
2 8 Tuscaroras of N. C. joined them in 1722. 
3 7 Character, treacherous — highest development 

of the tribes. 
3 6 Mobilians. 
I 7 Location — south of U. S. and east of Missis- 
sippi River. 

2 7 Families — Creeks, Choctaws, Chicasaws, Sem- 

inoles and Yamassees. 
3 7 Character — very crude and savage except Nat- 
chez. 
4 6 Shoshones. 



Outlines of United States History. 



7 



i 7 Location — west of the Mobilians. 

2 7 Families — Pawnees, Comanches, Apaches, Nez 
Perces and Utahs. 

3 7 Character — very low — no development intel- 
lectually. 
5 6 Dakotahs or Sioux. 

i 7 Location — North West. 

2 7 Families — Winnebagoes (Wis.), Assineboins, 

Sioux, Mintarees and Crows. 
3 7 Character — war-like, revengeful. 
4 5 General Character — war-like, treacherous, slug- 
gish, roving. 

5 5 Religion — very superstitious; vague ideas of the 
future. 

6 5 Government — very Crude and despotic. 

7 5 General Statement — can be educated, has in- 
ventive genius as shown by bow and arrow, snow 
shoes, canoe, etc. 

I 6 Schools have been established; two colleges and 

a number of Christian Associations. 
2 6 Agricultural habits have been instilled. 
8 5 Numbers — 1800, 330,000; 1890, about 260,000; 

Indian Territory, 78,000. 
9 5 Prominent chiefs — Powhatan, Philip, Massasoit, 
Pontiac, etc. 
4 4 Norsemen — Northmen. 
I 5 Nationality — Norway and Sweden — more recent- 
ly, Iceland. 
2 5 Expeditions. 
I 6 986 Herjulfson accidentally reached Labrador. 
2 6 1001-2 Errickson explored New England. 
3 6 1003-7 Thorwald, Thorstein and Karlsefne. 
3 5 Settlements on coast of Vinland. 
4 5 Fate of Norsemen — depopulated by a plague. 



8 



Outlines of United States History. 



5 5 Source of knowledge. 
I 6 Remains — stone tower, carved wood, etc., etc. 
2 6 Records of Iceland. 
3 6 Traditions of Norse bards. 
2 2 VOYAGE AND DISCOVERY 986 TO 1607. 
I 3 Circumstances conducive to European discovery. 
I 4 Use of gunpowder. 
2 4 Invention and general use of printing. 
3 4 Invention of compass and astrolabe. 
4 4 General improvements in navigation. 
5 4 General awakening of intellectual Europe for new 
discoveries. 
2 3 Nations engaged. 
I 4 Spain, under Isabella and Ferdinand. 
I 5 Expeditions, discoverers and explorers. 
I 6 Columbus (Latin), Columbo (Italian), Colon 
(Spanish). 

I 7 Qualifications — early education and training 

for the sea. 
2 7 Application for aid. 
I 8 Genoa, Venice, John II. of Portugal, w T ith no 
success. 

2 8 Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain — success. 
3 7 Equipments. 

I s Three vessels — Maria, Pinta, and Nina, 120 
sailors, provisions for one year. 
4 7 Voyages. 

i 8 First — August 3, to October 4, 1492 — Salva- 
dor, Cuba, Hayti and other small islands. 

2 s Second — 1493, 17 ships and 1500 men — Wind- 
ward, Jamaica and Porto Rico, and planted a 
colony on Hayti. 

3 8 Third — 1498, reached South America — sent 
home in chains. 



Outlines of United States History. 



9 



4 8 Fourth — 1502-4, searched for route from At- 
lantic to Pacific. 
5 7 Death and burial — died 1506; buried in con- 
vent of St. Francis; monastery at La Cuevas; 
1536 St. Domingo and 1796 Havana. 
2 6 Amerigo Vespucci or Vespuccius. 

I 7 South America 1497 — hence the name. 
3 6 DeBalboa — English freebooter. 
I 7 Colony on Isthmus of Darien 15 10. 
2 7 Discovered Pacific Ocean 1513 — 1st proof of 
New World. 

4° De Leon — Florida 15 12 — in search of Fountain 
of Youth. 

5 6 Cortez and Pizarro explored Mexico and Peru. 
6 6 Magellan 1519-22 circumnavigated the globe — 

2nd proof of New World. 
7 6 De Ayllon kidnapped natives and carried them 

off as slaves. 

8 6 De Narvaez, 1526 — explored the coast for prec- 
ious metals. 
9 6 De Soto's expedition. 
i 7 600 men. 

2 7 Mississippi River 1 541-2. 
3" Most important expedition of the Spaniards. 
io 6 Cabrillo, 1542 — explored the Pacific coast. 
n 6 Melendez, 1565 — St. Augustine founded— 1st 

permanent settlement. 
12 6 Espejo — Santa Fe, 1582, 2nd Spanish settle- 
ment. 

2 i England under Henry VII. king, 1497. 
I 5 Discoverers and explorers. 
i 6 Cabot, John, 1497 — Labrador, "Prima Vista". 
2 6 Cabot, Sebastian, 1498 — fishery regions. 
3 6 Frobisher, 1576-8 — 15 vessels. 



Outlines of United States History. 



I 7 Objects — all failures. 
i 8 North-west passage to the Pacific. 
2 8 To plant a colony. 
3 8 Gold. 

4 6 Drake, 1579 — explored the Pacific — circumnav- 
igated the globe. 
5 6 Gilbert. 

1 7 1578 — attempt to colonize North America — 
failure. 

2 7 1583 — second attempt, 5 vessels — failure. 
6 6 Raleigh. 

i 7 1584 — Amidas and Barlow with two ships at- 
tempt to settle Roanoke. 

2 7 Names the coast Virginia in honor of Eliza- 
beth. 

3 7 Sends out two colonies. 
i 8 First, 1585 — Grenville with 108 persons — fail- 
ure, starvation. 
2 8 Second, 1587 — White with 117 souls. 
i 9 Lost colony of Roanoke. 

2 9 Virginia Dare born in this colony — 1st white 
child in New World. 
7 6 Gosnold. 

I 7 1602 — direct route from Europe to North 
America. 

2 7 Made a settlement in Mass., but it was soon 
abandoned. 
8 6 Pring. 

I 7 1603 — Speedwell and Discoverer — Maine and 
Martha's Vineyard. 
9 6 Weymouth. 

i 7 1605 — explored the coast of Maine. 
io 6 London and Plymouth Companies, 1606 — set- 
tlements begun. 



Outlines of United States History. ii 



France. 

5 Discoverers and explorers. 

i 6 1506, Denys — St. Lawrence River on a fishing 
tour. 

2 6 1524 — Verazzani explored the Northern Atlan- 
tic coast. 
3 6 Cartier. 

1 7 1534 — discovered the St. Lawrence and led 

France into Canada. 
2 7 1540 — planted a settlement at Quebec — failure. 
4 6 Coligny. 

1 7 1562 — sent Ribault to plant a Huguenot col- 
ony in South Carolina. 
2 7 1564 — sent Laudonniere to plant a Huguenot 

colony near Florida. 
3 7 Both failures — 1st from scarcity of food — 2nd 
from Spanish depredations. 
5 6 1605 — De Monts plants Port Royal — first per- 
manent French settlement in America. 
6 6 Champlain (Father of New France). 
i 7 1608— Quebec founded. 
2 7 1609 — Lake Champlain discovered. 
7 6 1682 — La Salle explored the Mississippi valley 

and planted trading posts. 
8* 1668 — St. Mary, Mich. — 1st permanent settle- 
ment by French in the U. S. 
Holland (Dutch). 

5 Henry Hudson — sent out by the Dutch East 
Indian Company. 

I 6 1609 — Hudson river and bay discovered by the 

crew on the Half Moon. 
2 6 1610 — Hudson in the Discovery in search of the 

North-west Passage. 



Outlines of United States History. 

3 6 Fate — Hudson and eight of the party left to die 
among the icebergs. 
2 5 Dutch corporation opened trade with the Na- 
tions in 1614. 

I 6 Fleet of several vessels sailed and settled Man- 
hattan (New York). 
3 5 Adrian Block — explored region about Long- 
Island Sound 1614. 
4 5 Christianson — built Fort Nassua. 
5 5 Cornelius May — explored coast of New Jersey 
and Delaware. 
5 4 Portugese compact between Portugal and Spain 
to the effect that Portugal was to be unmolested 
in her African, and Spain in her American explo- 
rations. 

I 5 Manuel, successor to John II., disavowed the 
above. 

2 5 1 501 — Cortereal sent to North America — ex- 
plored coast from Maine to Newfoundland. 
3 5 Same time Cabral was sent to South America, 

and De Gama to Africa. 
COLONIZATION 1607 TO 1775. 
3 Conditions in Europe. 

I 4 Continuous conflict between the court party and 
the people. 

2 4 Religious persecution, and growth of desire for 

freedom of conscience. 
3 4 General awakening in Europe for geographical 

domain. 

4 4 Struggle for maritime supremacy. 
3 Nations engaged. 
I 4 Spain. 
i 5 Ecclesiastical power. 



Outlines of United States History. 



13 



2 5 Settlements — South and Central America, Mexi- 
co and gulf region. 
1 6 1565 — St. Augustine, Fla. 
2 6 1582 — Santa Fe — people from Mexico. 
2 4 Dutch. 
I 5 Motive — commercial. 

2 5 Settlements — within the limits of New York and 

Delaware. 
3 5 Government. 
I 6 1629 — Charter of Privileges — created Patroons 

of fifty families each. 
2 6 Principal Dutch governors; Minuit, Van Twil- 
ler, Kieft and Stuyvesant. 
4 5 New Sweden passed under the Dutch in 1655. 
5 5 New Amsterdam becomes New York in 1664 — 

Duke of York. 
6 5 New York becomes a royal province, 1674 — 

Andros, governor. 
7 5 Execution of Leisler and Milbourne, 1691. 
8 5 Execution of Captain Kidd, the pirate. 
9 5 Negro Plot — 1 74 1 — 30 hanged, many exiled. 
10 5 Albany Council — 1754. 

11 5 First Colonial, or Stamp Act, Congress, 1765. 
3 4 Swedes. 

I 5 1638 — Oxenstiern sent two ship-loads to New 

Sweden — Delaware. 
2 5 Settlement — Christiana, Delaware. 
3 5 1655 — after 17 years New Sweden conquered by 
the Dutch. 
4 4 English. 
i 5 Failures. 
I 6 1576 — Frobisher. 

2 6 1578 and again 1583 — Gilbert near Newfound- 
land. 



14 Outlines of United States History. 



3 6 1583 and 1587 — Raleigh near North Carolina. 
4 6 1602 — Gosnold — New England. 
5 6 1607 — Plymouth Company near the Kennebec. 
2 5 Successes — English Companies— 1606. 
I 6 Peoples — elements. 
I 7 Cavalier — supporter of the King as against 
Parliament. 
I 8 Authority — London Company. 
2 8 Extent of grant — 34 to 38 + 3 in common, 

North Latitude. 
3 8 Name — Virginia — Virgin Queen, Elizabeth. 
I 9 Virginia — Jamestown, 1607, first permanent 
settlement, 105 males. 

i 10 Principal men — Gosnold, Wingfield, Hunt 

and John Smith. 
2 10 Territory — most of southern colonies. 
3 10 Motive — trade or commercial corporation. 
4 10 Government — charter. 
i 11 1606 — first charter — provisions. 
I 12 Supreme legislation vested in the Crown 

of England. 
2 12 Supreme Council appointed by the 
Crown. 

3 12 Domestic Council appointed by the 
Crown. 

4 12 Civil and religious liberty denied. 

5 12 Laws rigidly enforced — King constituted 
the Judiciary. 
2 11 1609 — second charter — provisions. 

I 12 Corporation representing nobility and 
gentry, army, bar and industry. 

2 12 Supreme legislation delegated to corpo- 
ration. 

3 11 1612 — third charter — provisions. 



Outlines of United States History. 



15 



I 12 Rights of Englishmen guaranteed to the 
colonists. 

2 12 More frequent meetings of legislature 
required. 

3 12 House of Burgesses granted to Yeardley 
— first legislative assembly in the New 
World. 

1 13 Governor appointed by the Crown. 
2 13 Council appointed by the Crown. 
3 13 House elected by the people — germ of 
representative government. 
i 14 Two members from each of eleven 

boroughs. 
2 14 Yearly meetings. 
4 11 1624 — made a royal province. 
5 11 1649 t° 1660 without a ruler — Common- 
wealth in England. 
6 11 Berkeley's despotism — royal up to the 

Revolution. 
5 10 Events. 

i 11 1609 and 1610 — Starving Time — 60 per- 
sons out of nearly 600 left. 

2 11 Pocahontas — her influence and marriage 
to John Rolfe. 

3 11 1621 — first written constitution granted 
by the Crown. 

4 11 1619 — slavery introduced into the colo- 
nies by the Dutch. 

5 11 Disturbances of Jamestown. 
I 12 Indian massacres. 
I 13 1609 — first attempt. 
2 13 1622 — 350 persons massacred. 
3 13 1644 — 300 persons massacred. 
2 12 Bacon's Rebellion. 



Outlines of United States History. 



I 13 Cause — Berkeley's refusal to protect the 

citizens. 
2 13 Result. 

I 14 Berkeley deposed — Jamestown burnt. 
2 14 Twenty-two rebels hung — Hansford 
and Drummond, the first martyrs to 
liberty. 
6 10 Education. 
I 11 Very meagre — class education — private, 
not general. 
7 10 Occupation — agriculture — rice, cotton, to- 
bacco — large farms. 
8 10 People — aristocratic, wealthy, intolerant 
— cavalier. 

2 9 Maryland. 

I 10 Granted to the Calverts by Charles I. in 
1632. 

2 10 Name — Henrietta Maria — Queen Mary. 
3 10 First settlement — St. Marys, 1634. 
4 10 Government. 
i 11 Proprietary — T635. 
I 12 Representative Democracy 1639. 
2 12 1691 to 1 7 16 Proprietor appointed by the 
Crown. 

3 12 1716 to 1771 Calverts were proprietors. 
4 12 1 77 1 to 1776 — people governed. 
5 10 Events. 
1 11 1635 ar) d 1644 Clayborne's Rebellion. 
I 12 Cause — dispute over Kent Island. 
2 12 Claimants — Calverts and Clayborne. 
3 12 Result — Calverts' claim sustained. 
2 11 Religious difficulties — Protestant and 
Catholic. 



Outlines of United States Hitsoky. 17 



I 12 1654, Battle of Annapolis — 50 Catholics 
killed. 

2 12 1656, Government divided between the 
two sects. 

3 12 1692 — supremacy of Protestantism up to 
the Revolution. 
3 11 1767, Mason and Dixon's Line established. 
4 11 1644, Indian troubles — very few. 
6 10 Occupation — commerce, fishery and In- 
dian trade. 
7 10 Population, 1700, 30,000; 17.50, 150,000. 

3 9 The Oarolinas. 

I 10 Name — Carolus IX. of France, retained by 
English for Charles II. 

2 10 1663 — Granted by Charles to eight Proprie- 
tors. 

I 11 Carteret, Berkeley, Clarendon, Cooper, 
among others. 
3 10 Government — only attempt at Nobility. 
i 11 Grand Model — 120 Articles — by Locke, 
the philosopher. 
4 10 Division of grant in 1729. 

i 11 North Carolina. 

I 12 Settlements. 
I 13 165 1 — Chowan River 1663 Albemarle 
Sound. 

2 12 Government — Royal throughout. 
i 13 Continuous conflict between Royalty 
and the people. 
3 12 Events. 
i 13 1677 — Navigation Act enforced. 
2 13 171 1 — Tuscaroras driven out, sixth na- 
tion of Iroquois. 



Outlines of United States History. 

3 13 1 771 — Battle between the Regulators 

and Gov. Tryon. 
4 13 1754 — Printing press used. 
4 12 People — Quakers, Huguenots, Independ- 
ents and Peasants. 
5 12 Occupation — agriculture, tar and turpen- 
tine. 

6 12 Population, 171 5, 11,200; 1750, 90,000. 

2 11 South Carolina. 

i 12 Settlement — Charleston, 1670. 
2 12 Districts — natural divisions. 
i 13 Uplands — foreigners, small farms, hunt- 
ers, poor. 

2 13 Lowlands — many Negroes, large farms, 
wealthy, aristocratic. 
3 12 Events. 
i 13 1 741, Negro insurrection. 
2 13 Colony disturbed by Queen Anne's War 

and Indians. 
3 13 171 5, Yamassee Indian confederacy. 
4 13 Royal province up to Revolution. 
4 12 Occupation— agriculture. 

I 13 Rice, tobacco, indigo and cotton. 
5 12 People — Huguenot, Dissenter, Covenant- 
er. 

4 9 Georgia. 

I 10 Granted to Oglethorpe in 1732 by Geo. III. 

2 10 Name — George III. of England. 

3 10 Territory — comprising Georgia, Alabama 

and Mississippi. 
4 10 Settlement — Savannah, 1733. 
5 10 Government. 
I 11 Proprietary up to 1752. 



Outlines of United States History. 



19 



l 12 Prohibition of rum, slavery and women 

holding land. 
2 12 Size of farms limited to small area, no 
large estates. 
2 11 1752, Royal — all prohibitions removed. 
6 10 Events. 

1 11 "Covenant of Friendship" with Yamassees. 
2 11 1736, arrival of 300 colonists, John and 

Charles Wesley; 1738 Whitefield. 
3 n I 739> Spanish war disturbed the colony. 
4 11 1743, Oglethorpe left for England. 
7 10 People — Asylum for "Persecuted Poor". 
I 11 Swiss Peasants, Scotch Highlanders and 
German Protestants. 
2 7 Puritan — supporter of Parliament against the 
King. 

I 8 Authority — Plymouth Company, afterwards 

Council of Plymouth. 
2 8 Extent of grant — 41 to 45 with 3 in common 

with London Company. 
3 8 Settlements — New England. 

i 9 Massachusetts. 

I 10 Name — Indian name of hills. 
2 10 Settlers — 102 Pilgrims, men and women — 
Plymouth. 

I 11 Principal men — Carver, Bradford, Stand- 

ish, Alden. 
2 11 Government — voluntary association. 
3 11 People — devoted, self-reliant, industrious. 
4 11 Continued separate colony until 1643. 
3 10 1628, Salem Colony — Endicott with sixty 
souls. 

4 10 1629, Massachusetts Bay Colony; transfer 
of Council to America. 



Outlines of United States History. 

5 10 Arrival of Winthrop with 1500 colonists. 

1 11 Extent— 41 to 49 North Latitude. 

2 11 Motive — entirely religious, as Plymouth. 

3 11 Leaders — Endicott, Winthrop, Vane, Cot- 
ton, Hooker and Stone. 

4 11 Location of Boston, Roxbury, Watertown, 
and Cambridge. 
6 10 Government. 

1 11 Charter 1629 to 1684 — James II. demanded 
its return. 

2 11 Royal — 1684 to 1691, Charter granted by 
William. 

3 11 Semi-Royal, 169 1 to Revolution — Charter, 
but governed by Crown. 
7 10 Events. 
1 11 Religious intolerance. 
I 12 163 1 — suffrage confined to church mem- 
bers. 

2 12 1635 — Baptists exiled, and plant Rhode 
Island. 

3 12 1637 — Anne Hutchinson banished, after- 
wards burned. 
4 12 1656 — Quakers exiled on penalty of 
death if they returned. 
I 13 Anne Austin, Mary Fisher, Ann Burden. 
5 12 Cause — intense zeal and devotion of Pur- 
itan, and detestation of heresy, and vain 
biblical disputes. 
2 11 1634 — ballot box introduced in elections. 
3 11 Provisions for education. 
I 12 Common school for every fifty house- 
holders. 

2 12 Grammar or high school for every hun- 
dred heads of families. 



Outlines of United States History. 



21 



3 12 1636 — Harvard College founded. 
4 11 1639 — Printing press set up at Boston by 
Daye. 

5 11 1641 — Charter of Freedom, "Body of Lib- 
erties," adopted. 
6 11 Union of New England colonies in 1643. 
I 12 Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecti- 
cut and New Haven. 
2 12 Assembly of two members from each 
colony, chosen by the people. 
7 11 Enforcement of Navigation Act, at the 

Restoration, 1660. 
8 11 1675— King Philip's war. 
I 12 Cause — jealousy of Wampanoags against 

whites. 
2 12 Attacks. 
I 13 1675, Swanzey — eight whites killed. 
2 13 1675, Deerfield, Hadley, Hatfield and 

Cedar Swamp. 
3 13 Result of Cedar Swamp. 
I 14 1000 Indians captured and 200 whites 
killed and wounded. 
3 12 Nations — Wampanoags, Narragansetts 

and Nipmucks. 
4 12 Leaders — Philip of Wampanoags and 

Canonchet of Narragansetts. 
5 12 Results. 
I 13 Death of Philip — tribes banished from 

New England. 
2 13 13 towns, 600 dwellings burned. 
3 13 Debt of $500,000. 
9 11 1686 — Massachusetts a Royal Province, 
Edmund Andros, governor. 
I 12 Cause — refusal to pay duties to England. 



Outlines of United States History. 
2 12 Result. 

I 13 Freedom of speech and of the press for- 
bidden. 

2 13 Town meetings and representation abol- 
ished. 

3 13 Suffrage by ballot forbidden. 
4 13 Common education neglected. 
I0 n King William's war disturbed the colo- 
ny, 1689-1697. 
I 12 1690, Schenectady burned and sixty peo- 
ple massacred. 
2 12 Phipps' expedition against Canada. 
3 12 1697, Haverhill attacked; fifty persons 
killed — Hannah Dustin. 
. 4 12 First issue of paper money in America to 
prosecute war. 
11 11 1692 — Salem Witchcraft. 
I 12 Cause — confession of some silly persons. 
2 12 Persons connected with it. 
i 13 Prosecutors — Parris, Mather, Phipps, 
Sewall. 

2 13 Accused — Mary and Giles Cory, Clbyce, 
Bishop and Boroughs. 
3 12 Result. 

I 13 Twenty executed, over two hundred 

imprisoned. 
2 13 Triumph of best judgment of the laity. 
12 11 Queen Anne's War — 1702-13. 
I 12 1704, Deerfield attacked — over 100 whites 

killed and wounded. 
2 12 1710, Expedition against Nova Scotia. 
1 3 11 George's War — 1744-48. 
i 12 New York joins New England against 
Louisburg. 



Outlines of United States History 



23 



2 12 Pepperell commander-in-chief. 

3 12 1745 — Louisburg captured. 
S 10 Occupation — agriculture, manufacture, 

commerce and mining. 
9 10 Population, 1715, 96,000; 1750, 210,000. 

2 9 New Hampshire. 

I 10 Name — Hampshire county, England. 

2 10 Territory divided into New Hampshire and 

Main-land or Maine. 
3 10 Granted by Council to Gorges and Mason. 
4 10 Settlements. 
i 11 1623, Portsmouth by one Company and 

Dover by the other. 
2 11 1629, Division and further settlement. 
i 1 ' 2 Western part, New Hampshire to Mason. 
2 12 Eastern part, Maine to Gorges. 
3 11 Londonderry — Scotch-Irish emigrants. 
4 11 People — exiles of Massachusetts founded 
Republic. 
5 10 Events. 

i 11 1641 — united with Massachusetts for pro- 
tection against the Indian. 

2 11 1679 — separated and made Royal province. 

3 11 1688 — united with Massachusetts again. 

4 11 1691 — separated and became Royal prov- 
ince. 

5 11 Suffered most from Indian, close proximi- 
ty. 

6 10 Government — Royal except while part of 

Massachusetts. 
3 9 Connecticut— Indian name. 
I 10 Disputed title. 
I 11 Dutch claimant. 

2 11 Council granted it to Earl of Warwick. 



Outlines of United States History. 

2 10 Settlements. 

I 11 1633-35, Windsor and Weathersfield by 60 
emigrants from Massachusetts. 

2 11 Winthrop, governor of "River of Connect- 
icut" colony, settled Saybrook. 

3 11 1636 — Hartford settled by Hooker, with 
100 souls. 

4 11 1638 — New Haven colony founded by Da- 
venport. 
3 10 Events. 
I 11 1637 — Pequod War. 
i 12 Attempt to unite with the Narragansetts 

prevented by Williams. 
2 12 Result — entire destruction of Pequods. 
2 11 Connecticut colony, (Windsor, Weathers- 
field and Hartford), detached from Massa- 
chusetts, and self-government adopted. 
I 12 Origin of the Town-Meeting in America 

— Pure Democracy. 
2 12 National and Federal idea fostered. 
3 12 1639, First Written Constitution by the 
people, 

i 13 Peace and union of the people. 

2 13 Entirely ignored English government. 

3 13 Guaranteed self-government. 

4 13 Civil, Religious and political rights se- 
cured to all. 

5 13 Model of all State and National Consti- 
tutions. 

4 12 1643 — united with New England colonies. 
3 11 1650 — Boundary settled by treaty with the 
Dutch. 

4 11 1675 — Conflict with England — Andros. 
5 11 Charter hid in Oak— "Charter Oak". 



Outlines of United States Hitsory. 25 



6 11 1702 — Yale College established. 
4 10 Government. 
I 11 1639 to 1660, self-government. 
2 11 1662 — Charter granted by Chas. II. con- 
tinued to 1818. 
3 11 1665 — New Haven joined them. 

4 9 Bhode Island, 

i 10 Name — Roodt Eyelandt — Red Island. 
2 10 Motive — not colonization, but conversion 
of Indian. 

3 10 Settlers — exiles from Mass. — Williams. 
4 10 Granted to Williams by Canonicus. 
5 10 Settlements, 
i 11 1636 — Providence. 

2 11 1638— Portsmouth and Newport — Cod- 
dington, Anne Hutchinson and others. 

1 12 Island purchased from natives for about 
$100. 

3 11 1643 — Warwick. 
6 10 Government. 
i 11 Pure "Democracie". 

1 13 Freedom of conscience granted to Jew 
and Gentile. 

2 12 American principle — Separation of 

Church and State. 
3 12 Close adherence to this principle 
throughout. 
2 11 1644, Charter obtained by Williams — Con- 
firmed in 1654. 
I 12 United the provinces — proposed union 
of all. 

2 12 Self-government assured. 
3 11 1663, 2nd charter secured from Chas. II. 



Outlines of United States History. 



i 12 Two Plantations — Rhode Island and 
Providence. 
I 13 Provisions. 
I 14 Governor chosen by popular vote of 
people. 

2 14 Assemblies chosen in same manner. 
3 14 Other public officers chosen in same 
way. 

2 13 Charter continued until 1842. 
3 13 Meetings hold alternate sessions at 
Providence and Newport. 
7 10 Events. 
i 11 Disputed title. 
i 12 Plymouth claimed eastern part. 
2 12 Connecticut claimed western part. 
3 12 Massachusetts claimed northern part. 
4 12 1752, settled in favor of Rhode Island. 
2 11 Marked absence of persecution or Indian 
difficulty. 

3 11 Education provided for — Brown Universi- 
ty. 

4 11 Successful resistance to Andros. 
3 7 Neutral element— Conquered Territory. 
I 8 Colonies. 

i 9 Delaware. 

i 10 Name — Lord Delaware. 

2 10 Settled by Swedes in 1638. 

3 10 1655 — conquered by Dutch after 17 years — 

ruled by New York. 
4 10 1664 — conquered by English. 
5 10 1682 — granted to Penn by Duke of York — 

James II. 

6 t0 1691 — Proprietary under jurisdiction of Pa. 
^ 9 New York — formerly New Netherlands. 



Outlines of United States History. 



27 



I 10 Name— Duke of York. 
2 10 Settlements. 

i 11 1614, New Amsterdam (New York). 

2 11 1622, Fort Orange (Albany). 
3 10 Events. 

i 11 1626, Manhattan Island purchased for $24. 
2 11 Charter of Privileges granted. 
I 12 Establishment of Patroons. 
I 13 16 miles water front, or 8 miles on each 
side. 

2 13 Land must be purchased of Indians. 
3 1S Requirements of Patroons. 
I 14 To pay expense of emigrant from Hol- 
land. 

2 14 Provide horses, cattle, implements at 
little rent. 

3 14 Provide school teacher and minister. 
4 13 Requirements of Emigrant. 
i 14 Remain on land for ten years. 
2 14 Patroon his first purchaser. 
3 14 Patroon judge in disputes about the es- 
tate. 

5 13 Origin of Anti-Rent troubles. 
3 11 Four Dutch Governors. 
I 12 Minuit, Van Twiller, Kieft and Stuyves- 
ant. 
4 11 Piracy. 

i 12 1697 — Captain Kidd sent against Bucca- 
neers. 

2 i2 Pi racv a nd fi na l execution of Kidd. 

3 12 Suppression of piracy, 1720. 
5 11 1664 — England secures New York. 
6 11 1673 — Dutch reclaim it and hold it 15 mo. 
7 11 1740— Negro Plot. 



Outlines of United States History. 

i 12 4 whites, 18 negroes hanged; 14 negroes 
burned at the stake and 71 banished. 
8 11 Frequent Indian disturbances. 
9 11 Execution of Leisler and Milbourne. 
4 10 Government, always bad. 
i 11 Royal governors prevented a legislative 

assembly. 
2 11 1683 — people granted Assembly. 
3 11 1685 — privilege of Assembly denied. 
4 11 1691 — restored by William and Mary. 
5 11 Royal throughout except a short time 
proprietary. 
5 10 Population — 171 5, 31,000; 1750, 90,000; in 
1880, 5,000,000; seven cities of 50,000 each. 

3 9 New Jersey, 

I 10 Name — Geo. Carteret, governor of Jersey 
Island. 

2 10 Territory held by Dutch up to 1664. 
3 10 Settlements. 
I 11 1664, Elizabethtown (Elizabeth). 
2 11 1666 — Newark, by emigrants from Conn. 
3 11 1677 — Burlington, Quakers. 
4 10 Government. 
I 11 Proprietary in name — charter or repre- 
sentative in operation. 
i 12 Governor chosen by proprietor. 
2 12 Council chosen by proprietor. 
3 12 Assembly chosen by people of colony. 
2 11 Liberal — civil and religious liberty as- 
sured. 

3 11 1685 to 1702 under New York. 
4 11 1702 to Revolution, a royal province. 
5 10 Events. 
I n i670 — difficulty ever the Quit-Rents. 



Outlines of United States History. 



29 



2 11 Constant difficulty between proprietor 
and crown. 

3 11 1676 — division into East and West Jersey. 
4 11 Concessions of Quakers— conceded all to 
people. 

i 12 Equality of men in civil, religious and 

political rights. 
2 12 Prohibition of imprisonment for debt 

and sale of liquor. 
3 12 No taxation without representation. 
5 11 1682 — East Jersey purchased by Penn. 
6 n State of anarchy during the reign of 
William. 

7 11 1 738 — separated from New York, and be- 
came distinct colony. 
6 10 People — Scotch Covenanters, Quakers, 
Puritans. 

7 10 Growth— 171 5, 22,500; 1750, 75,000. 

4 9 Pennsylvania. 

i 10 Name — Penn's Woods. 

2 10 168 1 — Charles II. granted this tract in pay- 
ment of debt due to Penn's father. 
3 10 1682 — Delaware sold to Penn by Duke of 

York. 
4 10 Settlements. 
I 11 New Bergen by Swedes and Dutch before 

granted to Penn. 
2 n 1683— Philadelphia (City of Brotherly 
Love) by Penn. 
5 10 Government. 
I 11 Proprietary. 
I 12 Departments. 
i 13 Governor, appointed by proprietor. 



Outlines of United States History. 

2 13 Assembly (one house only), chosen by 
people . 

? 12 Great Code, or "Great Law". 

I 13 Protection in religious belief — no com- 
pulsory form of worship. 

2 13 Church members and tax payers eligible 
to office. 

3 13 After 12 years of age every child 

taught a trade. 
4 13 Murder and treason, only, punishable 

by death. 

2 11 1692 — placed under government of New 
York. 

3 11 1699 — restored to Penn and his heirs. 
6 10 Events. 

1 11 Penn's treaty with the Indians — Penn's 
Elm. 

2 11 Provisions for education. 
I 12 1686 — printing press introduced. 
2 12 1689 — public high school. 
3 12 1749 — University of Pennsylvania. 
3 11 1718 — death of Penn and subsequent dis- 
satisfaction. 
4 11 Rents abolished and proprietors paid 
$650,000. 

5 11 1703 — Pennsylvania and Delaware sep- 
arated. 

6 U 1767 — Mason and Dixon's Line estab- 
lished. 

7 11 Remarkable absence of Indian disturb- 
ances. 
7 10 People — Quakers. 
i 11 Opposed soldiery, war and taking oath. 
2 11 Differed from the Church of England. 



Outlines of United States History. 



8 10 Growth of colony — 171 5, 46,000, and 1750, 
200,000. 
4 7 Ohio Company. 
I 8 Formed in 1744 by authority of Virginia. 
2 8 Purpose — establish trading stations — trade in 
furs. 

3 8 Second company formed in 1787. 
4 8 Principal projector — Manasseh Cutler. 
5 8 Origin of the North West Territory — Ordi- 
nance of 1787. 
3 5 Summary of English Colonization. 
1 6 Elements. 
I 7 Puritan — Northern — New England. 
1 8 Motive — religious, civil, political and consci- 
entious. 
2 8 Colonies. 



4 9 New Hampshire. 
3 8 Government. 
1 9 Town-Meeting, Township System — Demo- 
cratic. 

2 9 Charter — self-government. 

3 9 National idea of government — Nation above 

the State. 
4 8 Occupation. 
1 9 Agriculture — small farms— no landed estates. 
2 9 Manufacture, commerce, ship-building and 

fishing. 

5 8 Education — root of common school system. 



1 9 Massachusetts j * ^ 

q {-* . j I COI 

2 y Connecticut < „ XT 

( 2 Ne 1 




* 1643 — Union of New England colonies. 




Outlines of United States History. 

6 8 People — sober minded, resolute, industrious, 

devoted and self-reliant. 
7 8 Population — 1750, 335,000. 
2 7 Cavalier— Southern. 
I s Motive — mercenary, trade, commerce. 
2 8 Colonies. 

I 9 Virginia — mother of southern colonies. 
, 2 9 Maryland. 
3 9 North Carolina. 
4 9 South Carolina. 
5 9 Georgia. 
3 s Government — "Old Dominion". 
i 9 No town-meeting nor township — county the 

unit of political development. 
2 9 Royal — caste, loyal to King. 
3 9 Federal idea of government — State co- 
ordinate with the Nation. 
4 8 Occupation. 
i 9 Agriculture — rice, cotton and tobacco — large 
estates. 

I 10 Conducive to slave labor. 
2 9 Later — tar and turpentine — commerce. 
5 8 Education — class, not general — children sent 
to Europe or private schools. 
I 9 "1 thank God there are no free schools or 
printing, and I hope there will not be these 
hundred years." — Gov. Berkeley. 
6 8 People — originally aristocratic. 
I 9 Aristocratic element owners of the soil. 
2 9 European convicts sold into exile. 
3 9 Slaves imported from Africa. 
7 8 Population — 1750, 610,000. 
3 7 Neutral — Middle Colonies — conquered ter- 
ritory. 



Outlines of United States History. 



33 



I 8 Colonies. 

i 9 New York. 

2 9 Delaware. 

3 9 New Jersey. 

4 9 Pennsylvania. 
2 8 Government. 

1 8 Proprietary — liberal, yet loyal to mother 
country. 

3 8 Occupation. 

1 9 Agriculture, commerce, but little manufac- 
turing. 

4 8 Education. 
I 9 Not universal, but better than the South. 
2 9 Columbia College and University of Penn- 
sylvania. 

5 8 People — Quakers, Covenanters, Dissenters — 
religious. 

6 8 Population — 1750, 365,000, not including Del- 
aware. 

2 H Distinctions between the Northern and South- 
ern Colonies. 

I 7 Natural — soil, climate and resource of sections. 
2 7 Settlers. 

I 8 North — industrious, self-reliant — accompan- 
ied with their wives. 

2 8 South — aristocratic and gentlemen — wives 
left in England. 
3 7 Motive. 

I 8 North — religious — search of home of civil, 

religious and political freedom. 
2 8 South — mercenary, commercial, trade. 
4 7 Manner of settlement. 
I 8 North — small church congregations, small 
farms, closely settled, constant commingling. 



34 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 8 South — large estates, marked off by rivers, 
scattered settlements. 

I 9 Owned their own wharves, no intermingling. 
5 7 Government. 
I s North — Charter — government by the people 
— National. 

i 9 Township the unit of political development. 

2 8 South — Royal — government by nobles— Fed- 
eral. 

i 9 County the unit of political development. 
6 7 Occupations. 
i 8 North. 

I 9 Various — conducive to vast development. 
2 8 South — agriculture. 
i 9 Cotton, rice and tobacco raising — not invit- 
ing development. 
f Education. 
i 3 North — universal. 
I 9 Our common school system established. 
2 9 Colleges encouraged. 
3 9 Printing press set up and supported. 
4 9 Publications, 
i 10 Freeman's Oath and Almanac. 
2 10 Translation of Hebrew Psalms into Eng- 
lish. 

3 10 Translation of Bible into Indian language. 
4 10 1704 — Boston News Letter — Greene. 
2 8 South. 

I 9 Private schools — no provision for general ed- 
ucation. 

2 9 Sons and daughters educated in Europe. 

8 7 Population — increased most rapidly in the 
North. 



Outlines of United States History. 



35 



I 8 1750 — about 1,800,000, of which 300,000 were 
negroes. 
5 4 French. 

1 5 Failures. 

1 6 1540 — Quebec— Cartier and LaRoque. 

2 6 1562 — Port Royal, S. C. — Ribault attempted 

Huguenot colony. 
3 6 1564 — St. John's River — Laudonniere attempted 
Huguenot colony. 
2 5 Successes. 

I 6 1605, Port Royal, Nova Scotia — 1st permanent 

settlement, by De Monts. 
2 6 1668, St. Marys, Michigan — 1st permanent set- 
tlement in U. S. 
3 6 Mississippi Valley — Jesuits. 
I 7 Marquette, Joliet, Hennepin, Rayl and Al- 
louez. 

2 7 1699, Biloxi, Miss. — D'Iberville. 
3 7 1702, Mobile. 

4 7 1718, New Orleans — Mississippi Company. 
5 7 Line of French forts. 
i 8 Natchez, Vincennes, Kaskaskia, Peoria, Fort 
Wayne, Toledo, Detroit, etc. 
4 6 Ohio Valley — contested. 

1 7 300 families of Canadians to hold the valley. 
! Disturbances in the colonies. 

i 4 Indian. 
I 5 Massacres. 

1 6 Jamestown, 1622 and again 1644. 

2 6 1675, Swanzey, Deerfield, Hadley and Hatfield. 

3 6 1689, Dover. 

4 6 1690, Schenectady. 

5 6 1697, Haverhill. 

6 6 1704, Deerfield. 



3 6 



Outlines of United States History. 



7 6 1763, Pontiac's conspiracy. 

8 6 1778, Wyoming Valley. 

9 6 1779, Cherry Valley. 

10 6 1 8 1 3, Raisin River. 

11 6 1835, Major Dade and Thompson. 

12 6 1873, Dr. Canby and company. 

13 6 1876, Custer and men. 
2 5 Wars. 

1 6 1637, Pequod War — Conn. 

2 6 1675, Philip's War — New Eng. 

3 6 171 1, Tuscaroras — N. C. 

4 6 1715, Yamassees. 

5 6 1729, Natchez — Miss. 

6 6 1763, Pontiac's War. 

7 6 1794, Miami. 

8 6 1814, Creek — Ga. 

9 6 181 5 and 1835, Seminole. 

io 6 1832, Black Hawk— 111. 

II 6 1862, '76 and '91, Sioux — Dak. 

12 6 1873, Modoc. 

13 6 1877, Nez Perces. 
2 4 Rebellions. 
I 5 1635-42, Claybourne — Md., Kent Island. 
2 5 1676, Bacon's — Va. — Berkeley's Duplicity. 
3 5 1787, Shay's— Mass. — taxation and weakness of 

confederation. 
4 5 1794, Whiskey — Pa. — tax on whiskey. 
5 5 Dorr's — R. I. — suffrage. 
& 1 861-5, Great Rebellion, or Civil War. 
3 4 Inter-Colonial Wars. 
I 5 1689 to '97, King William's — succession — Rys- 
wick. 

2 5 1702 to '13, Queen Anne's — succession — Utrecht. 



Outlines of United States History. 



37 



3 5 1744 to '48, King George's — succession — Aix-la- 
Chapelle. 

4 5 1754 to '63, French and Indian — disputed terri- 
tory — Paris. 
4 4 National. 

I 5 1775 to '83, Revolution — arbitrary government — 
Paris. 

2 5 1801 to '5, Tripolitan — demands for tribute. 

3 5 181 2 to '14, Second War for Independence — right 

of search — Ghent. 
4 5 1846 to '48, Mexican — disputed boundary — Gua- 
dalupe-Hidalgo. 
5 4 Quasi wars. 
I 5 1797 to 1800, with France. 
2 5 1835, Toledo war. 
3 5 1837, Patriot war. 
4 3 Struggle for dominion — French and Indian war. 
I 4 Parties engaged, England and colonies against 

France and Indians. 
2 4 Causes. 

I 5 Remote, disputed territory — Ohio Valley. 
2 5 Immediate, conflict between Ohio Company and 
Canadian settlers. 
3 4 Engagements. 
i 5 French successes. 
i 6 1754, July 4, Washington surrenders at Fort 
Necessity. 

2 6 1755, Fort Du Quesne — Braddock's defeat. 
3 6 1756-57, success for French. 
4 6 1758, Ticonderoga. 
2 5 English successes. 
i 6 1755, Nova Scotia captured by Lawrence. 
2 6 1755, Lake George secured. v , 



38 Outlines of United States History. 

3 H 1758, Louisburg, Pittsburg, Ticonderoga and 

Niagara captured. 
4 6 1759, Quebec — death of Wolfe and Montcalm. 
4 4 Events. 
I 5 1754 — Franklin's Plan for union. 
I 6 Recommended by Parliament for defense. 
2 6 Provisions. 
I 7 Governor-general, with a negative vote, ap- 
pointed by Crown. 
2 7 Grand Council, chosen by the people. 
3 7 Representation — not more than seven, nor less 

than three from each colony. 
4 7 Term, three years — annual meetings. 
5 7 All legislative powers vested in Council. 
3 6 Principal men — Delancey, President; Franklin. 
4 6 Rejection. 
I 7 By colonists — too aristocratic. 
2 7 By England — too liberal, democratic. 
2 5 1755, France and England sent troops to Amer- 
ica. 

3 5 1756, Declaration of war between England and 
France. 

4 5 1758, Pitt called to the head of English govern- 
ment. 

5 5 1762, Spain allied with France. 
6 5 1763, Pontiac's conspiracy. 
7 5 1763, Peace of Paris. 
I 6 France and Spain surrendered to England all 

North America east of the Mississippi. 
2 6 Spain gave Florida in exchange for Havana. 
3 6 France gave her eastern possessions to England 
and western to Spain. 
5 4 Numbers engaged. 
I 5 English Regulars, 22,000. 



Outlines of United States History. 



39 



2 5 Provincials, 28,000. 
6 4 Generals. 

i 5 French — Montcalm, Dieskau, St. Pierre, Vau- 
dreuil. 

2 5 English — Braddock, Shirley, Lawrence, Johnson, 
Loudon. 

3 5 Provincial — Washington, Stark, Gates, Arnold, 
Montgomery and Putnam. 
7 4 Results. 

i 5 Exchange of possessions of England, France and 
Spain. 

2 5 Cemented Union of Colonies — prepared for inde- 
pendence. 

3 5 Gave western territory to colonies to develop. 
4 5 America to be the home of the chief part of the 
English-speaking people. 
5^ General Statement concerning Colonies in 1763. 
I 4 Number of colonies — 13, all English except a few 

German and Irish. 
2 4 Religion, Protestant; Language, English; Social 

rank, no caste, as in Europe. 
3 4 Government — approaching self-government. 
4 4 City and country life very simple. 
5 4 Severe penalty for violation of law. 

i 5 Stocks, pillory and other means of public shame. 
6 4 Literature. 
i 5 History. 
i 6 Smith's "True Relation of Virginia". 
2 K Bradford's "Plymouth Plantation". 
3 6 Addresses of John and the Younger Winthrop. 
2 5 Philosophy — Franklin. 
i (; Poor Richard's Almanac and The Way to 
Wealth. Philosophical Society. 
3 5 Metaphysics — Jonathan Edwards. 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 6 Freedom of the Will. 

4 5 Science — John Bartram, botanist. 

5 5 Theology — Thos. Hooker, Thos. Shepard, John 
Cotton, Roger Williams, John Eliot, Richard, In- 
crease and Cotton Mather. 

6 5 Classics — Geo. Sandys translated Ovid into Eng- 
lish. 

7 5 Other writers — Church, Calef, Thompson, Logan, 

Colden and Dickinson. 
8 5 All questions discussed through pamphlets. 
7 4 Habits — "Plain living and high thinking"; frugal 

and industrious. 
REVOLUTION AND CONFEDERATION— 1775 
TO 1789. 

3 Steps toward union of colonies. 
I 4 Protection against the Indian. 
i 5 1643 — New England colonies. 
2 5 1644 — Williams's attempt — failure. 
3 5 1681 — Penn's attempt — failure. 
4 5 1754 — Franklin's Plan. (Germ of both Declara- 
tion of Independence and Constitution.) 
2 4 Protection against the Mother Country. 
I 5 Protests of Massachusetts against, 
i 6 Standing army of England landed in colony. 
2 6 English officials independent of the Assembly. 
3 6 Raising revenue without the consent of the As- 
sembly. 

2 5 1765, Stamp Act Congress, First Colonial Con- 
gress, New York. 

i 6 Representation — all except N. H., N. C, Va. 

and Ga. 
2 6 Measures. 
I 7 Sent petition to Commons, Lords and King. 

2 7 Set forth a Declaration of Rights. 



Outlines of United States History. 41 

3 6 Members — Ruggles, President; Patrick Henry, 
and twenty-six others. 
3 5 Non-Importation Agreement. 

4 5 1768 — protests against acts of Ministry; provi- 
sions for public order. 

5 5 1 773 — Committees of Correspondence. 

6 5 1774, Sep. 5 — First Continental Congress, Phila- 
delphia. 

i 6 Representation — all except Ga. 
2 6 Measures. 

I 7 Addressed King, People of England, Canada 

and Colonies. 
2 7 Declaration of Rights. 
I 8 Setting forth the rights of Englishmen. 
2 8 Enumerating Acts of Parliament violating 
these rights. 

3 7 Articles of Association — no c o m m e rcial rela- 
tion. 

4 7 Adjournment to meet May 10th, 1775, if Eng- 
land heeded not. 
3 6 Session — eight weeks. 

4 6 Delegates, about 56 — Peyton Randolph, presi- 
dent. 

7 5 1775, May 10 — Second Continental Congress, 
Philadelphia. 
I 6 Assumed supreme power of government. 
2 6 Organized an army and voted means to support 
it. 

3 6 Appointed Washington Commander-in-Chief. 
4 6 Continued throughout the Revolution. 
5 6 Full representation. 
8 5 Declaration of Independence. 
i 6 1775, June 7, proposed by R. H. Lee. 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 6 Drafting committee — Jefferson, Adams, Frank- 
lin, Sherman, Livingston. 

3 6 Ratified and read at the head of the army. 

4 H Written by Jefferson, and adoption secured by 
Adams. 

5 6 Mecklenburg Resolutions the prelude to the 
Declaration. 
2 3 Revolutionary War — 1775 to 1783. 
1 4 Causes. 
i 5 Remote or long standing. 
I 6 Arbitrary government by England. 
i 7 Taxation without Representation. 
2 7 Navigation Act and Transportation Act. 
3 7 Board of Trade — English High Officials. 
4 7 Mercantile System. 
I s Manufactures, commerce, mining and ship- 
building subject to Parliament. 
5 7 Courts of Admirality established to enforce the 

Mercantile System. 
6 7 Stamp Act, 1765. 
7 7 Writs of Assistance, 1761. 
8 7 Mutiny Act or Quartering Act. 
2 6 Influence of France and Holland. 
3 6 Character of English Officials. 
4 6 Disposition of the Colonists. 
5 P Growing tendency toward self-government. 
2 5 Immediate. 
1 6 Boston Massacre, 1770. 
2 G Boston Tea Party, 1773. 
3 6 Four intolerable Acts. 
i 7 Port Bill, 1774. 
2 7 Massachusetts Act. 
3 7 Transportation Act. 
4' Quebec Act. 



Outlines of United States History. 



43 



4 6 Resistance of Royalists by Massachusetts and 

burning of Gaspee. 
5 6 Arrival of British troops under Gage and forti- 
fying Boston Neck. 
2 4 Condition of Colonists for War. 
I 5 Population 2,600,000, of which 500,000 were slaves. 
2 5 Army of about 14,000 men in the beginning. 
3 5 Continental Money — no coin. 
4 5 Increasing Wealth. 
5 5 Strong sentiment for English rights. 
3 4 Instigators — Leaders. 
I 5 Favorable to English policy. 
i H English — George III., Lords North, Van and 
Greenville. 

2 6 Colonial — Hutchinson, Oliver and Tryon. 
2 5 Favorable to Colonial policy. 
i 6 English — Burke, Pitt, Fox and Effingham. 
2 6 Colonial — Otis, Hancock, Adamses, Franklin, 
Henry Lee, Washington, Hamilton, Tom Paine 
and others. 
4 4 Generals. 

i 5 British — Gage, Howe, Clinton, Burgoyne, Corn- 

wallis, Carleton and Tarleton. 
2 5 Colonial — Washington, Gates, Greene, Lincoln, 

Lee, Arnold and Putnam. 
3 5 Foreign aid — La Fayette, Steuben, Kosciusko, 
Pulaski, D'Estaing and De Kalb. 
5 4 Engagements. 
i 5 Colonial successes. 
I 6 Lexington — Parker against Pitcairn. 
2 6 Fort Moultrie — Moultrie against Clinton. 
3 6 Trenton — Washington against Rail. 
4 ( LPrinceton — Washington against Mawhood. 
5 fi Fort Schuyler — Herkimer against St. Leger. 



44 



Outlines of United States History. 



6 s Bennington — Stark against Baum. 

7 8 Bemis Heights — Gates against Burgoyne. 

8 (J Saratoga — Gates against Burgoyne. 

9 6 Fort Mercer — Greene against Donop. 

io 6 Monmouth — Washington against Clinton. 

II 6 Stony Point — Wayne against Johnson, 

12 6 King's Mountain — Campbell against Ferguson. 

13 6 Cowpens — Morgan against Tarleton. 

14 6 Eutaw Springs — Greene against Cornwallis. 

15 6 Yorktown — Washington against Cornwallis. 
2 5 English successes. 

i 6 Bunker Hill — Prescott against Howe. 

2 6 Long Island — Putnam against Clinton. 

3 6 White Plains — Washington against Howe. 

4 6 Brandywine — Washington against Howe. 

5 6 Germantown — Washington against Howe. 

6° Savannah — Lincoln against Prevost. 

7 6 Charleston— Lincoln against Clinton. 

8 6 Camden — Gates against Cornwallis. 

9 s Guilford C. H. — Greene against Cornwallis. 

10 6 Hobkirk's Hill — Greene against Rawdon. 
6 4 Events. 
I 5 Postal system improved. 
2 5 1776 — -Declaration of Independence. 
3 5 l 777 — Stars and Stripes adopted. 
4 5 l 777 — Articles of Confederation adopted by 
Congress. 

5 5 1777 — surrender of Burgoyne — one of the fifteen 

decisive battles of the world. 
6 5 1777— Philadelphia, then the Capital, taken by 

the British. 

7 5 1777 — Conway Cabal — Conway, Gates, Sam Ad- 
ams, etc. 
8 5 1778 — French Alliance. 



Outlines of United States History. 



45 



9 5 1778 — Massacres of Wyoming and Cherry Val- 
leys. 

io 5 1779 — Paul Jones raised the first Naval Flag. 
n 5 1780 — Arnold's Treason and Andre's Execu- 
tion. 

12 5 Mutiny of soldiers of Pennsylvania. 

13 5 1 78 1 — Articles of Confederation, ratified by 

Maryland, the last State. 
4 Results. 

I 5 1783 — Treaty of Paris. 
i 6 Commissioners. 
I 7 British — Richard Oswald. 

2 7 American — Franklin, Jay, John Adams, and 
Laurens. 
2 6 Provisions. 
I 7 Independence of thirteen States recognized by 

England. 
2 7 Boundaries fixed. 
I 8 North, St. Lawrence and Great Lakes; South, 
Florida; and West, the Mississippi River. 
3 7 Free navigation of Mississippi River and Great 
Lakes. 

4 7 England to control Canada and St. Lawrence. 
5 7 England to grant Florida to Spain. 
3 G Cost. 

I 1 England — 50,000 men, and $610,000,000. 
2 7 Colonies — 40,000 men, and $135,000,000. 
Development of Nationality. 

: 4 Failure of Congress to meet the demands of the 
Government. 

> 4 Articles of Confederation planned by Congress, 

November 17th, 1777. 
i 5 Objections of the States. 

l 6 Provisions for a Standing Army. 



4 6 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 6 Methods of apportioning Taxation and Voting. 
3 6 Western territory held by states. 
2 5 Ratified by Maryland, the last state, March I, 
1781. 

3 5 Articles took effect March 1, 1781. 
4 5 Peculiarities. 
1 6 Compact between the states instead of the peo- 
ple. 

2 6 States retained their sovereignty. 

3 6 Representation not more than 7 nor less than 2 

from each State. 
4 6 Voting by states — each State had one vote. 
5 6 States maintained their own delegates, with 

power to withdraw. 
5 5 Defects. 

I 6 No supreme authority — no power of taxation. 
2 6 No executive or judiciary. 

3 6 Nine states necessary to carry any important 
measure. 

4 6 All states necessary to alter the Articles. 
5 6 No power over treaties, commerce nor war. 
6 6 Could recommend everything, but enforce 
nothing. 
6 5 Events. 

I 6 1783, Sept. 3 — Treaty of Peace, and army dis- 
banded. 
2 6 Territorial cessions. 
I 7 Contest overterritory west of Alleghany Mount- 
ains. 

2 7 Virginia followed by all the other states, ceded 
430,000 square miles. 
3 6 1785, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson sent as 
ministers. 



Outlines of United States History. 



47 



4 6 1786, Shay's Rebellion in Massachusetts, over 

taxation, led by Shay. 
5 6 Plans for governing the territories. 
1 7 -1784, preliminary plans reported by Chairman 
Jefferson. 

2 7 1787, Ordinance of 1787 reported by Chairman 
Dane. 

i 8 Extent — Northwest of the Ohio — Ohio, Indi- 
ana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin. 
2 8 Provisions. 
i 9 Slavery prohibited, except for crime. 
2 9 Public education encouraged ( Common 

School System). 
3 9 Self government guaranteed. 
4 9 Bill of rights incorporated. 
3 8 The model of government of all our territories. 
6 6 Tom Paine's pamphlet, "Common Sense". 
7 6 Desperate state of our nationality ( ?) — No gov- 
ernment. 

8 6 1786, committee meeting at Washington's home. 
9 6 1786, Annapolis convention. 

i 7 To consider the navigation of the Chesapeake 
and the Potomac. 

2 7 Represented five states. 

3 7 Adjourned to meet at Philadelphia, May 14, 
1787. 

io 6 Constitutional Convention — Washington, pres- 
ident. 

i 7 Representation — all except Rhode Island. 

2 7 Delegates, 55 in all — Washington, Madison, 
Mason, Randolph, Franklin, two Morrises, 
King, Strong, Sherman, Ellsworth, Hamilton, 
Paterson, two Pinckneys, etc. 

3 7 Departments recognized. 



Outlines of United States History. 



i 8 Legislative, Executive and Judicial. 
4 7 Plans proposed. 

I s "Large State Plan," by Virginia. 

2 8 Federal Plan, by New Jersey. 

3 8 National plan, by Hamilton. 

4 8 Compromise by Connecticut. 
I 9 Senate, Federal. 
2 9 House, National. 
5 7 Points of controversy. 

i 8 One or two houses. 

2 8 Equal or proportional state vote. 

3 8 Large state supremacy, or state equality. 

4 8 Status of Negro in representation. 
6 7 1787, Sept. 17, adopted by Congress. 
f Ratified by the States. 

I 8 1787, Delaware, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. 

2 8 1788, all others except North Carolina and 
Rhode Island. 

3 8 1789, North Carolina, and 1790 Rhode Island. 
8 7 Result. 

I 8 Great contributions to Political Science — 

"Federalist." 
2 8 Creation of two distinct political parties. 
I 9 Federalist — broad, or loose construction of 

the Constitution. 
2 9 Anti-Federalist — strict construction of the 
Constitution. 
3 8 Two distinct sections grew out of the color 
question. 

4 s Inauguration of National Government. 
NATIONAL— 1789 TO THE PRESENT. 
3 Condition of the country. 

I 4 Thirteen small states along the Atlantic border. 
2 4 Population, nearly 4,000,000. 



Outlines of United States History. 49 



3 4 Wealth, principally agriculture and commerce. 

i 5 Exports, $20,000,000. 

2 5 Imports, $23,000,000. 

3 5 Revenue, $4,000,000. 

4 5 Expenditure, $1,000,000. 
4 4 People, farmers — only four cities of more than 
10,000. 

5 4 Occupation, agriculture, manufactures and com- 
merce. 

6 4 Transportation, poor facilities. 
7 4 Literature, principally political and religious. 
I 5 Otis, Stiles, Hamilton, Jefferson, John Adams, 
Jay, Rush, Madison, Hopkinson, Trumbull and 
Livingstone. 
2 3 Administrations. 
i 4 GEORGE WASHINGTON and John Adams, 
1789 to 1797. 
I 3 Inauguration and organization of Congress. 
2 5 Events. 
i 6 Political. 

i T Development of Democracy in the States and 
Nation. 

2 7 Inauguration of the Protective Tariff — National. 
3 7 Hamilton's Financial Scheme. 
I 8 National credit sustained. 

i 9 Foreign debt of $10,000,000 to be paid in full. 

2 9 Domestic debt paid in full ) Opposed by An- 

3 9 State debt paid in full j ti-Federalists. 
, 2 s Recommendations. 

] 9 National Bank to aid circulation. 

2 9 Mint to coin bullion. 

3 9 Internal revenue, excise. 

4 9 Duties on imports. 
4 7 Party organization. 



50 



Outlines of United States History. 



i 8 Federal, National idea — Hamilton, leader. 

2 8 Anti-Federal, Federal idea — Jefferson, leader. 
5 7 Re-election of Washington and Adams. 
6 7 Impolicy of Genet and Washington's Neutral- 
ity. 

7 7 Formation of Democratic clubs. 
8 7 Jay's Treaty with England. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Composition of Cabinet. 
I 8 Secretaries of State, Treasury and War, and 
Attorney General. 
2 7 1790, First census — nearly 4,000,000. 
3 7 Settlement of the West, and admissions. 

I 8 Vermont, 1 791 ; Kentucky, '92; Tennessee, '96. 
4 7 Location of Capital. 
I 8 First two sessions of First Congress held at 
New York. 

2 8 1790, moved to Philadelphia, to remain ten 
years. 

3 8 1800, permanently placed at Washington. 
5 7 1790-94, Miami Indian War — Harmar, St. Clair 

and Wayne. 
6 7 Invention of cotton gin. 
7 7 Whiskey Insurrection. 

8 7 Treaty with Spain concerning the Mississippi 
River. 

9 7 Treaty with Algiers concerning piracy. 
I 8 Gave to Dey $800,000 and $23,000 annually, 
and vessel worth $100,000. 
io 7 Washington's Farewell Address. 
1 1 7 Development of manufactures, mining and 
commerce. 
3 6 Campaign of 1797. 
I 7 Political parties and candidates. 



Outlines of United States History. 



51 



I s Federalist, John Adams of Massachusetts and 

Pinckney of Maryland. 
2 8 Anti-Federalist, Jefferson of Virginia and Burr 
of New York. 
2 7 Issues. 
I 8 Hamilton's Financial Scheme. 
2 s Washington's Foreign Policy. 
3 8 Jay's Treaty. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Electoral — Adams 71, Jefferson 68, Pinckney 
54, and Burr 30. 
2 4 JOHN ADAMS and Thomas Jefferson, 1797-1801. 
i 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

I 7 Advisers — Marshall, Wolcott, Pickering and 

Charles Lee. 
2" Policy, same as Washington's. 
3" Special session of Congress to consider French 

affairs. 

4" X. Y. Z. Mission — Pinckney, Marshall and 
Gerry. 

5 7 Quasi war, 1797 to 1800. 
6" Alien and Sedition Laws. 

7 7 Virginia Resolutions by Madison. ) States right 



9 7 Feud in Federalist party over the Navy. 
I 8 Hamilton's friends dismissed from Cabinet. 
2 8 Defeat in state and nation of Federalist party. 
io 7 Midnight Judiciary — Midnight Judges. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 1798, Department of Navy established — Stod- 
dard, secretary. 
2 7 Eleventh Amendment — Judiciary. 
3 7 1799, Death of Washington. 



8 7 Kentucky 




52 



Outlines of United States History. 



4 7 1800, seat of government placed at Washing- 
ington, D. C. 



5 7 John Marshall appointed Chief Justice 1800 to 



6 7 Lieutenant General created. 
3 6 Campaign of 1800. 
I 7 Political parties and candidates. 
i 8 Federalist, Adams and Pinckney. 
2 s Republican (Anti-Federalist), Jefferson and 
Burr. 

2 7 Issue — Alien and Sedition Laws. 
3 7 Result, Vote. 
i 8 Electoral, basis 33,000. 
i 9 Jefferson 73, Burr 73, Adams 65, and Pinck- 
ney 64. 

2 8 House decided after six days, by vote of ten 
to four for Jefferson. 



3*THOS. JEFFERSON and I Burr J 1801 
J J \ 2 Geo. Clinton \ to 9 



I 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

1 7 Advisers — Madison, Gallatin, Lincoln, Dear- 
born and Stoddard. 

2 7 Policy announced — Development of Democ- 
racy. 

I 8 State Rights doctrine magnified. 

2 8 Curtailing National government. 

3 8 Payment of National Debt. 

4 8 Reduction of Taxes, Navy and Duties. 

5 8 Opposed all money except gold and silver. 
3 7 Republican simplicity inaugurated. 
4 7 Rotation in office — 39 officers removed. 
5 7 Repeal of Midnight Judiciary. 
6 7 Impeachment of Judge Chape. 



1335- 



Outlines of United States History. 53 

7 7 Re-election of Jefferson. 
8 7 Introduction of Gun Boat System. 
9 7 "Quids" (Quid Tertium) Followers of John 
Randolph. 

io 7 Jefferson's tendency toward Broad Construc- 
tion. 

I 8 Purchase of Louisiana. 
2 8 Construction of Cumberland Road. 
3 8 Recommends surplus expended on roads, ca- 
nals, etc. 

4 8 Embargo Act and Non-Intercourse Act. 
5 8 Federal idea of neutrality. 
2 8 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Change in the method of addressing Congress. 
2 7 1802 — Limitation of Alien Law. 
3 7 1802 — Naturalization changed to five years. 
4 7 1803 — Military Academy at West Point estab- 
lished. 

5 7 1801-5 — Tripolitan war. 

6 7 1803 — Ohio, the first or the North Western 

states, admitted. 
7 7 1804 — Lewis and Clarke expedition. 
8 7 1804 — Burr-Hamilton duel. 

9 7 1804 — 1 2th Amendment — method of electing 

the President. 
io 7 1806 — Cumberland Road constructed. 
1 1 7 Infringement on our commerce by England 

and France. 
12 7 1807 — "Fulton's Folly," steamboat. 
13 7 1807 — Burr's conspiracy — tried for treason. 
3 6 Campaign of 1808. 
i 7 Political parties and candidates. 
i 8 Federal — C. C. Pinckney, of S. C, and Rufus 
King, of N. Y. 



Outlines of United States History. 

2 8 Republican — James Madison, of Va., and 
Clinton, of N. Y. 
2 7 Issue — Embargo Act and war. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Electoral — Madison, 122; Pinckney, 47; Clin- 
ton, 113; King, 47. 
2 8 Congress — Republican. 

4 4 JAMES MADISON and j \ | 1809-18 17. 

I 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

I 7 Advisers — Smith, Monroe, Gallatin, Dallas, 

Eustis and Pinckney. 
2 7 Adherence to the policy of his predecessor. 
3 7 Special congress to suspend Non-Intercourse 

Act. 

4 7 Restoration of Non-Intercourse. 
5 7 Attempt to recharter the National Bank 
failed. 

6 7 Jefferson's policy abandoned and Henry Clay's 
accepted. 

7 7 Madison's advocacy of war secures his re-elec- 
tion. 

8 7 Federalists opposed war and supported Clin- 
ton — Ciintonians. 

1 8 Change of position and formation of Peace 
party. 

9 7 Henry Letters — Madison gave $50,000 for 
them. 

10 7 1812, June 18 — war declared — the only declar- 
ation of war in our history. 

1 1 7 Virulent opposition of New England legisla- 
tures to war. 



Outlines of United States History. 55 

12 7 Loose Construction openly advocated by 
Madison. 

13 7 18 14, Dec. — Hartford Convention. 
I s In secret session three weeks at Hartford. 
2 s Members from New England states. 
3 8 Resolutions. 
I 9 Six resolutions and seven recommendations. 
I 10 War power, commerce, eligibility of offi- 
cers, etc. 

4 8 Results — helped to disrupt the Federalist 
party. 

14 7 Disruption of the Federalist party. 
I 8 Opposition to War of 1812 on constitutional 

grounds. 
2 8 Alien and Sedition Laws. 
3 8 Hartford Convention. 
15 7 1 8 16 — National Bank chartered for 20 years — 

First National Bank. 
16 7 1816 —"American System" inaugurated — 
tariff. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
1 7 North West Indians under Tecumseh defeated 

by Harrison, 181 1. 
2 7 .Admission of Louisiana ( 18 1 2) and Indiana 
(1816). 

3 7 War of 1812 (Second War for Independence). 
i 8 Causes. 

i 9 Britain's claim to allegiance over natural- 
ized citizens. 

2 9 Britain's claim to right of search of neutral 
vessels. 

3 9 Britain's claim of right to impress her sub- 
jects wherever found. 



Outlines of United States History. 

4 9 Difficulty in distinguishing English from 
American seamen. 

5 9 Citizens, English until proved not. 

6 9 Frequent depredations on our commerce. 
2 8 Generals. 

I 9 British — Brock, Prevost, Proctor. 

2 9 American — Dearborn, Wilkinson, Harrison. 
3 8 Engagements. 

i 9 Naval. 

I 10 1812, Aug. 13, Essex and Alert — Porter 
against Langhorne — V. 

2 10 1812, Oct. 18, Wasp and Frolic — Jones 
against Whinyates — V. 

3 10 1812, Oct. 25, United States and Macedo- 
nia — Decatur against Carden — V. 

4 10 1812, Aug. 19, Constitution and Guerriere 
— Hull against Dacres — V. 

5 10 1812, Dec. 29, Constitution and Java — 
Bainbridge against Lambert — V. 

6 10 18 1 3, Jan. 23, Hornet and Peacock — Law- 
rence against Peake — V. 

7 10 1813, June I, Chesapeake and Shannon — 
Lawrence against Broke — D. 

8 10 1813, Aug. 14, Argus and Pelican — Allen 
against Naples — D. 

9 10 1613, Sept. 5, Enterprise and Boxer— Bur- 
rows against Blythe — V. 

IO 10 1813, Sept. 10, Fleet of 9 vessels and Fleet 
of 6 vessels — Perry against Barclay — V. 

1 1 10 1814, Mar. 28, Essex and British Fleet — 
Porter and Hillyar — D. 

12 10 1814, Sept. 11, Fleet and Fleet— McDon- 
ough against Downie — V. 
2 9 Land. 



Outlines of United States History. 



57 



i 10 l8i2, Aug. 15, Hull's surrender to Proctor. 

2 10 1812, Oct. 13, Oueenstown Heights — Van 
Rensselaer and Brock — D. 

3 10 18 1 3, Jan. 22, Frenchtown ( Raisin)— Win- 
chester and Proctor — D. 

4 10 18 1 3, Apr. 27, York — Pike against Sheaffe 
—V. 

5 10 18 1 3, May 1, Fort Meigs — Harrison against 
Proctor— V. 

6 10 1 81 3, May 27, Fort George — Dearborn and 

Vincent — V. 
7 10 18 1 3, May 29, Sackett's Harbor — Brown 

and Yeo. 

8 10 18 1 3, Aug. 2, Fort Stephenson — Crogan 

and Proctor. 
9 10 1 8 1 3, Oct. 5, Thames — Harrison against 

Proctor and Tecumseh — V. 
IO 10 1814, July 5, Chippewa — Scott against 
Riall— V. 

1 1 10 1814, July 25, Lundy's Lane — Scott and 

Brown against Riall. 
12 10 18 14, Aug. 14, Washington, D. C, burned 

by Ross. 

13 10 1814, Sept. 1 1 , Plattsburg — Izard against 
Prevost. 

14 10 1814, Sept. 13, Baltimore — Stricker 

against Ross. 
15 10 1 8 1 5, Jan. 8, New Orleans — Jackson and 
Packenham. 
4 8 Results. 
i 9 Superiority of our Navy recognized. 
2 9 Universal respect from all nations. 
3 9 America to be ruled by Americans, no for- 
eign dictation. 



Outlines of United States History. 

4 9 Manufacturing begun in U. S. 
5 9 Treaty of Ghent. 
i 10 Commissioners. 
i n U. S.— J. Q. Adams, Bayard, Clay, Russell 

and Gallatin. 
2 11 British — Lord Gambier. 
2 10 No mention of causes of war since the ex- 
ile of Napoleon. 
3 10 Agreement to put down the Slave Trade. 
4 7 Indian Massacre at Fort Mimms. 
5 7 1815, war with Algiers. 

6 7 1S14, Star Spangled Banner written by Keys. 
7 7 1816, Colonization Society formed. 
8 7 Third Census. 
3 H Campaign of 1 8 16. 
i 7 Political parties and candidates. 
i 8 Federalist, Rufus King of New York — no vice 
president. 

2 s Republican, James Monroe of Virginia and D. 

D. Tompkins of New York. 
2 7 Issue, none distinct, old animosities. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Three states, Massachusetts, Connecticut and 

Delaware, chose Federal electors. 
2 8 Monroe 183, King 34, Tompkins 183. 
3 8 Clay elected Speaker of House — Loose Con. 
5 4 JAMES MONROE and D. D. Tompkins, 1817-25. 
i 5 Events. 
i 6 Political. 

i 7 Advisers — J. Q. Adams, Crawford, Rush, Cal- 
houn and Meigs. 

2 7 Internal Revenue abolished. 

3 7 Protective Tariff recommended; Tariff of 1 8 16 
extended seven years. 



Outlines of United States History. 59 



4 7 Reviving of the National idea, led by Clay. 
I 8 Protective Tariff. 

2 8 Internal improvements at National expense. 
3 8 National Bank. 
4 8 Increase of Army and Navy. 
5 8 Distinct position in recognizing South Ameri- 
can Republics. 
5 7 Missouri Compromise — 1818-21. 
1 8 Thomas of Illinois introduced it, Clay sus- 
tained it. 
2 8 Provisions. 
I 9 Missouri as a Slave State. 
2 9 36 30' dividing line between slave and free 
states. 

i 10 South, left to the people. 
2 10 North, forever prohibited. 
3 8 Result. 

1 9 Slavery question set at rest for a time. 

2 9 Doughfaces — Southern Congressmen op- 
posed to Missouri Compromise. 
6 7 Re-election of Monroe, unanimously except 

one vote — New Hampshire. 
7 7 Era of "Good Feeling". 

8 7 Party lines drawn — growth of National Repub- 
licans. 

I 8 Strict Construction. 
1 9 Revenue Tariff — opposed to Internal Im- 
provement. 
2 8 Loose Construction. 
1 9 Tariff for Protection, Improvement and 
Canal system. 
9 7 American System, Tariff of 1824. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
i 7 Tour of the States by the President. 



6o 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 7 Seminole War, 1817-18. 
I 8 Execution of Ambrister and Arbuthnot by 
Jackson. 

3 7 181 5, Stars, and Stripes changed to thirteen 

stripes and a star for each state. 
4 7 Admissions. 

I 8 Mississippi, 1817; Illinois, 1818; Alabama, 
1819; Maine, 1820; Missouri, 1821. 
5 7 18 19, purchase of Florida for $5,000,000. 
6 7 1819, Financial crisis. 
7 7 1819, Transatlantic steam lines. 
8 7 Monroe Doctrine, 

i 8 J. Q. Adams, real author. 

2 8 This coupled with Washington's Neutrality 
is our foreign policy. 
9 7 La Fayette — Nation's Guest. 
I 8 $200,000 and township of land in Alabama 
voted him. 

2 8 Laid the corner stone of Bunker Hill Mon- 
ument. 

io 7 Census of 1820 — 9,634,000. 
3 6 Campaign of 1824 — "Scrub Race." 
i 7 Political parties — "All Republicans." 

i 8 Loose constructionists — National Republican. 

2 8 Strict constructionists — Republican. 
2 7 Candidates, choice of sections. 

I 8 North, J. O. Adams. 

2 8 South, W. H. Crawford. 

3 8 West, Clay and Jackson. 
3 7 Issue, local and personal. 
4 7 Result. 

i 8 Electoral vote, Jackson 99, Adams 84, Craw- 
ford 41 and Clay 37. 



Outlines of United States History. 



6 i 



2 8 House of Representatives chose Adams from 
three highest. 
I 9 Adams, 13 states. 
2 9 Jackson, 7 states. 
3 9 Crawford, 4 states. 
3 8 John C. Calhoun, vice president — 182 votes. 
4 8 House elected Loose construction Speaker. 
6 4 JOHN Q. ADAMS and John C. Calhoun, 1825-29. 
I 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 
I 7 Advisers — Clay, Rush, Wirt and McLean. 
2 7 Charge of "Bargain" between Adams and Clay. 
3 7 "Clay in the succession." 
4 7 Distinct growth of parties. 
I 8 National Republican distinct from Republican 
— "Adams Men". 

I 9 Leaders — Adams, Clay and Webster. 
2 9 Principles adhered to. 
I 10 Internal Improvement. 
2 10 Protective Tariff, "American System". 
3 10 Broad and liberal construction of the Con- 
stitution. 
2 8 Republican — "Jackson Men". 
I 9 Leaders — Crawford, Jackson and Calhoun. 
2 9 Principles adhered to. 
i 10 Strict construction of the Constitution. 
2 10 Virginia and Kentucky resolutions, 1798-99. 
5 7 Panama Mission, 1826 — U. S. not represented. 
I 8 Delegates from Peru, Columbo, Chile, Mexico, 

and States of Central America. 
2 8 Purpose, commercial intercourse and friend- 
ship. 

3 8 Result, no second meeting — no permanent 
importance. 



Outlines of United States History. 



6 7 Party strife precluded national legislation. 
f President's recommendations defeated in Sen- 
ate. 

I 8 Calhoun's appointment of committees. 
2 8 Calhoun's casting vote in case of tie. 
8 7 Unsuccessful measures introduced. 
I 8 Tenure of Office Bill. 
2 8 Election of President by popular vote. 
3 8 Congressmen ineligible to office during their 
term. 

4 8 Division of Surplus among the states. 
5 8 Painting of Jackson's Battle of New Orleans. 
6 8 Investigating committee on the conduct of 
Jackson. 

9 7 1824, Duel between Clay and Randolph. 
10 7 Tariff of 1828— "Bill of Abominations". 

1 8 National policy strengthened. 

2 8 Change of policy of North and South — Web- 
ster and Calhoun. 

3 8 Sectional division. 
11 7 Causes of unpopularity of Adams. 

i 8 Opponents claimed him not the choice of 
the people. 

2 8 Charge of bargain between him and Clay. 

3 8 Tariff and improvement. 

4 8 Panama Mission. 
2° Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Death of Adams and Jefferson, July 4, 1826. 
2 7 Creek War. 
3 7 Internal improvements. 

I 8 1825, Erie Canal (Clinton's Big Ditch) — eight 
years in construction. 

2 8 1827, First Railroad laid. 

3 8 1828, B. and O. laid; locomotive in 1832. 



Outlines of United States History. 63 



4 8 National Road completed. 

1 9 From Wheeling to Maryland. 

2 9 Time, fourteen years. 

3 9 Cost, #1,700,000. 
4 7 Anti-Masonic party. 
1 8 Demise of Morgan of New York. 
2 8 Platform. 

1 9 Suppression of Masonic Order. 

2 9 Opposition to all secret orders. 
3 8 Result. 

r 9 Introduced the Nominating Convention. 
3 6 Campaign of 1828. 
1 7 Political parties and candidates. 
1 8 Adams Men — Adams and Rush. 
2 8 Jackson Men — Jackson and Calhoun. 
3 8 Anti-Masonic — Wirt. 
2 7 Issue, Tariff and Internal Improvements. 
3 7 Result — sectional vote. 
i 8 Popular — Jackson, 674,231, 15 states; Adams, 

509,097, 9 states. 
2 8 Electoral — Jackson, 178; Adams, 83; Calhoun, 

171 ; Rush, 83. 
3 8 Congress against National Republicans. 



f ANDREW JACKSON and j \ ^IZcn \ to' 




I 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

I 7 Advisers — Van Buren, Cass, Livingstone, Ta- 
ney, Daune and Barry. 
2 7 Dissensions. 
1 8 Foreign. 
1 9 Commercial disagreement. 
2 9 Boundary between Maine and Canada. 
3 9 French Debt unpaid. 




6 4 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 8 Domestic. 
I 9 Opposition to administration. 
I 10 National Republicans (Whigs). 
2 10 Anti-Masonic party. 
3 10 National Bank party. 
4 10 Its own division. 
I 11 Loose Construction on Bank and Protec- 
tion and Improvement. 
5 10 "Nullificationists." 
3 7 Rotation in office — "To the victors belong the 
spoils". 

i 8 Up to 1829, 74 removals were made. 
2 8 Jackson made 690 removals — political pur- 
poses. 

4 7 Great Debate in Senate, 1830. 
I 8 By Webster of Massachusetts and Hayne of 

South Carolina. 
2 8 Foote's Resolution on Public Lands. 
3 8 Webster's Reply. 
i 9 Reply to Hayne. 
2 9 Constitution not a compact. 
3 9 Constitution and Union. 
5 7 Pocket veto introduced by Jackson. 
6 7 Feud between Jackson and Calhoun. 
I 8 Nullification of South Carolina, 1832. 
I 9 Provisions. 
I 10 National Tariff laws declared by South 

Carolina null and void. 
2 10 Nation denied an appeal to the Supreme 
Court. 

3 10 No duties to be paid after Feb. 1, 1833. 
2 9 Ratified by state legislature. 
3 9 Calhoun resigned Vice-Presidency to become 
senator. 



Outlines of United States History. 



65 



4 9 Hayne resigned from Congress to accept 

governorship of South Carolina. 
5 9 "Bloody Bill"— Force Bill. 

f National Bank Bill defeated. 

8 7 Loose Construction Measures of the Admin- 
istration. 

1 8 $1,200,000 appropriated for Internal Improve- 
ments. 

2 8 1832, Tariff Revision — Compromise of 1833 — 

Protection. 
3 8 Harbor improvement. 
4 8 Pocket veto. 

5 8 Removal of Public funds to 89 State Banks. 
9 7 Anti-Slavery Society organized. 

i 8 1837, E. P. Lovejoy, editor of Abolition pa- 
per, shot, in Illinois. 

2 s Garrison mobbed in Boston. 

3 8 Abolition teachers of colored schools impris- 
oned. 

4 8 Right of petition denied, but secured by J. Q. 
Adams. 

5 8 Atherton Gag — Table all bills concerning 
slavery. 

6 8 Attempt to prohibit the transmission of Abo- 
lition literature. 
10 7 Organization of political parties — distinct 
names. 

1 8 Democrat — "Jackson Men". 
I 9 Leaders, Jackson, Calhoun, Benton, Van Bu- 

ren, Taney, etc. 
2 9 Fundamental principles. 
i 10 Positive. 
i 11 Strict Construction of the Constitution. 
2 U Measures. 



66 



Outlines of United States History. 



i 12 Rotation, removal of Indians, of public 
funds. 

2 12 Surplus, over $5,000,000 to go to the 
states. 

3 12 Tariff of 1832 and Specie Circular. 
2 io Negative. 
I 11 Against Internal Improvements as a pol- 
icy. 

2 11 Against National Bank. 
3 11 Against Nullification of South Carolina. 
4 11 Against National Anti-Slavery Society. 
2 8 Whigs — "Adams men," National Republicans. 
I 9 Leaders — Clay, Webster, Adams, Giddings, 
etc. 

2 9 Position or Principles. 
I 10 Positive — liberal, broad construction of the 
Constitution. 
I 11 Internal Improvements. 
I 12 1832 — appropriations. 

2 12 Maysville Turnpike road — vetoed, lost. 
3 12 Harbor Improvement Bill passed. 
4 12 Improvement of Roads, Rivers, Canals, 
etc. 

5 12 Light-house System. 
2 11 American System — Tariff for Protection. 
3 11 National Bank. 
2 io Negative — opposition. 
I 11 Indian policy of the President. 
2 11 Removal of National funds. 
3 11 Nullification. 

4 11 Encroachments of Slavery — Annexation 
of Texas. 

1 1 7 Disruption of Jackson's Cabinet — Kitchen 
Cabinet. 



Outlines of United States History. 



67 



12 7 Van Buren recalled from England — rejection 
of Senate. 

13 7 National Convention System of selecting can- 
didates. 
i 8 Voluntary Cabal. 

2 8 1796 to 1812, State Legislative Caucus. 

3 s 1807 to 1824, Congressional Caucus. 

4 8 1833, Delegate Convention System. 
14 7 1834, President censured for removal of funds. 
15 7 Post Office Department established 1829, im- 
proved 1834. 
16" 1835, Taney appointed Chief Justice. 
17 7 Expunging Bill by Thos. H. Benton. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 1829, Independence of Mexico recognized. 
2 7 1829, Imprisonment for debt abolished. 
3" 1833, Penitentiary System used. 
4 7 1S32, Black Hawk War. 
5 7 I 835 _ 4 2 » Seminole War — Dade's Massacre. 
6 7 First appearance of Cholera in U. S. since 1800. 
7 7 Mormonism appeared about 1830. 
8 7 1833, Meteoric shower and great fire in New 
York. 

9 7 1834, Indian Territory organized. 
10" Invention of McCormick Reaper. 
11 7 Independence of Texas recognized in 1836. 
12 7 Admission of Arkansas and Michigan. 
13 7 Death of Monroe, Madison, Justice Marshall. 
14" Development. 
1 8 Railroads, Canals, Express system, use of 

coal, oil ancl gas. 
2 8 Educational. 
i 9 Herald 1833, Sun 1835 an d Tribune 1841, 
started. 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 9 Writers, Irving, Hawthorne, Cooper, Bryant, 

Poe and Bancroft. 
3 9 Painters, West, Coply, Stuart and Trumbull. 
4 9 Websters's Dictionary published in 1828. 
1 5 7 Aggressive policy of the President against 
France. 
3 6 Campaign of 1836. 
I 7 Political parties and candidates. 
i 8 Democrat — Van Buren, of N. Y., and Johnson. 
2 8 Whig — Harrison and Granger. 
2 7 Issue — Bank Question and policy of Jackson. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
I 8 Popular — Van Buren, 761,549; Harrison and 

others, 736,549. 
2 8 Electoral — Van Buren, 170; Harrison, 73; 
White, 26; Webster, 14. Vice Presidents: 
Johnson, 147; Granger, 77; Tyler, 47 and 
Smith, 23. 
3 8 Senate chose Johnson vice president'. 
4 8 Congress Democratic 116 to 103; Polk speaker. 
8 4 MARTIN VAN BUREN and R. M. Johnson, 
1837 to l8 4 I - 
i 5 Events. 
i 6 Political. 

i 7 Advisers — Forsythe, Woodbury, Benj. F. But- 
ler, Dickerson and Kendall. 

2 7 Continuance of policy of Jackson — retained his 
Cabinet. 

3 7 Financial Crisis. 
I 8 Causes. 
i 9 Destruction of the National Bank. 
2 9 Specie Circular — suspension of specie pay- 
ment by State Banks. 
3 9 Modification of Taxation question of 1833. 



Outlines of United States History. 69 



2 s President vindicated Jackson — Over produc- 
tion caused it. 
3 8 Remedy — Sub-Treasury and Independent 
Treasury Bills failed. 
4 7 Nullificationists join the Democrats in favor of 

Sub-Treasury Bill. 
5 7 Conservatives join the Whigs in opposition. 
6 7 Annexation of Texas agitation begun. 
7 7 Repeal of Specie Circular and Sub-Treasury 
Bill passed. 

8 7 1839, "Broad Seal War" — New Jersey Contest. 
9" Growing sentiment on slavery question, Liberty 

party. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Seminole disturbance and removal of Creeks 

to Indian Territory. 
2 7 Patriot War — Canadian Rebellion. 
3 7 1837, Morse's Telegraph patented. 
4 7 1838, Exploration of South Sea. 
5 7 1838, Smithsonian Institute established. 
6 7 1839, First Normal School established. 
7 7 Washingtonian Society organized by six men, 

1 84 1 — Temperance. 
8 7 Mormons driven into Illinois. 
9 7 Goodyear vulcanized India Rubber. 
10 7 Census of 1840 — 17,069,403. 
3 6 Campaign of 1840 — "Hard Cider Campaign". 
I 7 Political parties and candidates. 
I 8 Democrat — Van Buren, Vice President left to 
states. 

2 8 Whig — Harrison and John Tyler. 
3 8 Liberty — J. G. Birney and Lemoyne. 
2 7 Issue, Van Buren's Policy — Strict construction. 
i 8 Financial — Sub-Treasury, suspension of Inter- 



Outlines of United States History. 



nal Improvements. 

2 8 Re-election of President, and slavery ques- 
tion. 
3 7 Result — vote. 

I 8 Popular — Harrison, 1,275,017, 19 states; Van 
Buren, 1,128,702, 7 states; Birney, 7,059. 

2 8 Electoral^— Harrison, 234; Van Buren, 60. 



*White of Kentucky, speaker. 
9 4 WM. H. HARRISON and John Tyler, 1841-45. 
i 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

I 7 Advisers — Webster, Ewing, Crittenden and 
Granger. 

2 7 Policy — opposed rotation, veto power, pander- 
ing with currency. 

3 7 Extra session of Congress to consider financial 
condition. 

4 7 Death of Harrison and inauguration of Tyler. 
5 7 Sub-Treasury system abolished. 
6 7 Message of Tyler. 

I 8 Intention to carry out the will of the people. 

2 8 Attention to financial condition. 

3 8 Remedy deferred to representatives of the 
people. 

4 8 Intention to acquiesce in their recommenda- 
tions. 

7 7 Inconsistent position on Bank question. 

i 8 Vetoed Bank Bill of his constituents. 

2 8 Vetoed bill of his own recommendations. 
8 7 Rupture between Tyler and his party. 

i 8 Immediate resignation of his Cabinet except 
Webster. 



3 8 27th Congress 



1 



1 Senate, W. 28, D. 22 

2 House, W. 133, D. 108 




Outlines of United States History. 71 



2 8 Whig Manifesto. 
9 7 Tyler supported by "Corporal Guard" and 
Democrats. 

10 7 Right of Petition — Adams — Status of Slavery 
— Giddings. 

11 7 Tariff of 1842 passed after vetoed the second 
time. 

12 7 28th Congress I 1 Senate > Whi g 28 > D - 2 4 I* 
12 2Stn congress | 2 House> W hig 81, D. 142 \ 

*Jones, Democrat, speaker. 
13 7 President favored improvement of West only, 

not East. 
14 7 Native American party. 
i 8 Opposed Catholicism and all officers not na- 
tive. 

15 7 Hunkers and Barnburners first appear. 
16 7 Annexation of Texas agitated — opposed by 
Van Buren. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
i 7 1841, Bankrupt Law passed. 
2 7 Webster-Ashburton Treaty. 

I 8 Boundary and Right of Search finally settled. 
3 7 Dorr's Rebellion. 
I 8 Cause — suffrage restricted. 

2 8 Result — change from Charter to State Con- 
stitution. 
4 7 Dickens in America. 

5 7 1844 — Success of Telegraphy — Washington to 

Baltimore. 
6 7 Anti-Rent difficulty. 
I 8 Causes. 
I 9 Uncertainty of land titles. 
2 9 Heirs of Patroons claimed title. 
2 8 Result — claims of Patroons annulled by Law. 



Outlines of United States History. 



7" 1844, Commercial Treaty with China. 
8 7 Admission of Florida. 

9 7 Explosion of Peace-Maker and death of Secre- 
taries Upsher and Gilmer. 
3 6 Campaign of 1844. 
I 7 Political parties and candidates — Nominating 
conventions. 
I 8 Liberty — Jas. G. Birney, Buffalo, Aug. 30, '43. 
2 8 Whigs — Henry Clay, Baltimore, May, 1844. 
3 8 Democrat — James K. Polk; Van Buren failed 
to get two-thirds vote, 1844. 
2 7 Resolutions of conventions. 
I 8 Liberty or Abolition. 
I 9 Human brotherhood the cardinal principle — 
no slavery. 

2 9 Slavery opposed to natural rights, also Fugi- 
tive Slave law. 
2 8 Whig — Loose Construction. 

i 9 National Currency, Tariff for Protection, 
Distribution of receipts cf public lands, op- 
posed autocracy in Executive, favored single 
term. 

3 8 Democrat Strict Construction. 
i 9 Distribution of proceeds of public lands un- 
constitutional. 
2 9 Vindicate veto power, occupy Oregon and 
annex Texas. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Popular — Whig, 1,299,068, 11 states; Demo- 
crat, 1,337,245, 15 states; Liberty, 62,300. 
2 8 Electoral — W T hig, 105; Democrat, 170. Basis 
of Representation, 70,680. 



Outlines of United States History. 73 

Si Senate Whig 25; D. 30. ) 
1 House Whig 75; D. 140. > * 
and 6 others. ) 
* Davis of Indiana, speaker. 
JAS. K. POLK and Geo. M. Dallas— 1845 to '49. 
Events. 
6 Political. 

i 7 Advisers — Buchanan, Walker, Marcy and Ban- 
croft. 

2 7 Policy of Jackson and Van Buren continued. 
i 8 Favored annexation of Texas. 
2 8 Opposed agitation of Slavery, National Bank 
and Internal Improvement. 
3 7 Annexation of Texas. 
I 8 Provisions. 
1 9 State to adopt a constitution by Jan. 1, 1846. 
2 9 Cession to Government of Arsenals, Navy 
Yards, etc. 

3 9 Erection into not more than four additional 
states. 

4 9 $100,000 appropriated to defray expenses of 
annexation. 
2 8 Parties. 

I 9 Whig, opposed it as unjust to Mexico and 

against slavery. 
2 9 Democratic, favored it as an advantage to 
slavery. 
4 7 Wilmot Proviso, 1846. 
i 8 Brinkerhoff the author. 
2 8 Prohibit slavery from all future territory. 
3 8 Result — angry debates, sectional — Hunkers 
and Barnburners. 
5 7 Existence of War recognized — $10,000,000 ap- 
propriated. 



74 



Outlines of United States History. 



6 7 Tariff of 1846 — Revenue only. 
7 7 Internal Improvement Bills vetoed. 
8 7 Treaty of 1846 — Oregon question settled — 
Boundary 49 North latitude. 



10 7 Establishment of permanent system of Sub- 
Treasury. 
11 7 Peace of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 
I 8 Boundary fixed at Rio Grande. 
2 8 California and New Mexico ceded to U. S. 
3 8 U. S. pay Mexico $15,000,000. 
4 8 Texan debt of $3,000,000 assumed by U. S. 
12 7 Liberty League — Slavery in Oregon, Califor- 
nia and New Mexico. 
13 7 Origin of Free Soil party. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
1 7 Development. 
1 8 1845, Naval Academy. 
2 8 1846, Sewing Machine, Howe. 
3 8 1846, Discovery of Ether by Jackson, Wells 

and Morton. 
4 8 1846, Smithsonian Institute by Smithson. 
5 8 1847, H° e Printing Press. 
6 8 Iowa and Wisconsin admitted. 
7 8 1847, Astor Library founded. 
8 8 1848, Discovery of Gold in California. 
I 9 James Marshall, laborer on Sutter's Mill. 
2 9 Production. 
i 10 From 1849 to 1826 over $400,000,000 real- 



3 9 Results. 

I 10 Marvelous growth of cities and industries. 



9 7 30th Congress 



1 Senate Dem. 35, Whig 21 

2 House Dem. 108, W. 117 
* Robert Winthrop, speaker. 




ized. 



Outlines of United States History. 75 



2 10 Developed entire Pacific Coast. 
3 10 Stimulated trade and commerce the world 
over. 

4 10 Built Ship lines and Railroad systems. 
9 s 1849, Department of Interior created — Thos. 
Ewing, Secretary. 
2 7 War with Mexico. 
I 8 Time, 1846-48. 
2 8 Causes. 
I 9 Annexation of Texas. 
2 9 Disputed boundary. 

3 9 Occupation of disputed territory by U. S. 
troops. 
3 8 Commanders. 
I 9 American — Scott, Taylor, Kearney and Fre- 
mont; Smith, Worth and Pillow. 
2 9 Mexican — Santa Anna, Arista, Ampudia, Le 
Vega and Valencia. 
4 8 Plans. 
1 9 Extreme West — Pacific. 
i. 10 Fremont takes California. 
2 10 Kearney captures New Mexico. 
2 9 Upper Mexico, Taylor. 
i 10 At Palo Alto against Arista. 
2 10 At Resaca de la Palma against Le Vega. 
3 10 At Monterey against Ampudia. 
4 10 At Buena Vista against Santa Anna. 
3 9 Central Mexico — Scott principally. 
i 10 At Cerro Gordo against Santa Anna. 
2 10 At Contreras, Smith against Valencia. 
3 10 At Cherubusco, Scott against Santa Anna. 
4 10 At Del Rey, Worth against Santa Anna. 
5 10 At Chapultepec, Pillow against Santa 
Anna. 



76 



Outlines of United States History. 



6 10 Mexico City, Scott against Santa Anna. 
5 8 Results — Peace of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 
3 7 U. S. receded Virginia part of D. C. to Virginia 
1846. 

4 7 Niagara Bridge built. 
5 7 Mormons emigrate to Utah. 
6 7 Death of Jackson and J. O. Adams. 
3 fi Campaign of 1848. 
l 7 Conventions and nominations. 
I s Democrat, Baltimore, May 22, 1848 — Lewis 

Cass and Butler. 
2 8 Whig, Philadelphia, June 7 — Taylor and Fill- 
more. 

3 8 Free Soil, Buffalo, Aug. 9 — Van Buren. 
2 7 Issue, neither committed itself on slavery ex- 
cept Free Soil. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Popular — Whig, 1,360,101; Dem., 1,220,544; 

Free Soil, 291,263. 
2 8 Electoral (Basis 70,680) — Taylor, 163; Cass, 
127. 

( 1 Senate D. 35; Whig 25 ) 
3 8 31st Congress < 2 House D. 40; Whig 105 >■ * 
( Free Soil 9. ) 
*Howell Cobb, speaker. 
11 4 ZACHARY TAYLOR and Fillmore, 1849 to '53. 
I 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

i 7 Advisers — Clayton, Meredith, Ewing, Johnson 

and Collamer. 
2 7 Webster and Calhoun on the Constitution. 
3 7 Policy of President, conservative. 
4 7 Marked change of parties in their views. 



Outlines of United States History. * 77 



I s Whigs refused to insert the Wilmot Proviso 
in platform. 

2 8 Democrats voted down pro-slavery clause in 
platform. 

3 8 Free Soil Democrats left party and pro- 
slavery Whigs joined it. 

4 8 Pro-Slavery Whigs adopted Squatter Sover- 
eignty. 

5 8 Squatter Sovereignty, Strict Construction, 

forced by the South on Democratic party. 
5 7 Struggle for government for the Mexican ces- 
sion. 

6 7 1850, Compromise (Omnibus Bill) — Clay. 
1 8 Provisions discussed and acted upon separate- 
ly- 

1 9 Admission of new states properly formed 

out of Texas. 
2 9 Organization of Utah and New Mexico with- 
out Wilmot Proviso. 
3 9 Payment of $10,000,000 indemnity to Texas. 
4 9 California to be admitted as a free state. 
5 9 Fugitive Slave law rigidly enforced. 
6 9 Abolition of Slave Trade in the District of 

Columbia. 
2 8 Results. 
I 9 Opposed by Whigs and the South. 
2 9 Consolidated Anti-Slavery sentiment. 
3 9 Destroyed the Whig party. 
7 7 Death of Taylor and inauguration of Fillmore. 
8 7 Fillmore imitates Tyler, appoints a new cab- 
inet — departs from policy. 
9 7 Silver Greys, personal adherents of Fillmore in 
New York. 



Outlines of United States History. 

io 7 Appearance of the American party — Know 
Nothing. 

I 8 Leaders — H. Winter Davis, Marshall, Fill- 
more. 
2 8 Objects. 
I 9 Purity of the ballot. 
2 9 Americans only, for office. 
3 9 Opposed to the rejection of the Bible in the 

common schools. 
4 9 Preservation of the Union. 
3 s Secret Sessions. 

4 8 Members obligated to support the nominee. 
ii 7 Death of Clay, Webster, Calhoun, Polk and 
Taylor. 

12 7 Appearance of Sumner, Seward and Chase. 
13 7 Maine Law, 1851. 

14 7 Personal Liberty laws passed in the North. 
1 5 7 Underground Railroad — "Higher Law" of 
Seward. 

16 7 Publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin. 

17 7 Application for the organization of the Platte 

Country (Kansas and Nebraska). 
18 7 Growing sectionalism between the North and 
South. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
1 7 Filibustering expeditions against Cuba — exe- 
cution of Lopez. 
2 7 Attempted Tripartite Treaty. 
3 7 Clayton-Bulwer Treaty — repetition of Monroe 
Doctrine. 

4 7 Postage reduced to three cents — made uniform 

for less than 3,000 miles. 
5 7 1849, Cholera, and again in 1878. 
6 7 Grinnell expedition. 



Outlines of United States History. 



79 



f 1853, Survey for the Pacific Railroad. 
8 7 Visit of Louis Kossuth, the Hungarian patriot. 
9 7 Census of 1850 — 23,191,876. 
3 6 Campaign of 1852. 
i 7 Conventions and nominations. 
i 8 Democrat, Baltimore, June 1 — F, Pierce of 

New Hampshire and King of Alabama. 
2 8 Whig, Baltimore, June 16 — W. Scott of Vir- 
ginia and Graham of North Carolina. 
3 8 Free Soil, Pittsburg, Aug. 1 1 — Hale of New 
Hampshire and Julian of Indiana. 
2 7 Platform, of resolutions. 
i 8 Democrat. 
I 9 Tariff for Revenue only. 
2 n No National Bank. 

3 9 Congress has no power to interfere with the 
domestic affairs of the state. 

4 9 Compromise of 1850 endorsed. 

5 9 Re-endorsement of the Kentucky and Vir- 
ginia Resolutions. 

6 9 Mexican War and its results approved. 
2 8 Whig. 

I 9 Loose Construction — power enough to sus- 
tain the government. 
2 9 Protective Tariff. 
3 9 Internal improvement. 

4 9 Partial endorsement of Compromise of 1850. 
3 8 Free Soil. 

I 9 Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, 
the objects of government. 

2 9 No slavery in nation, state or territory. 

3 9 Denounced Fugitive Slave law and Compro- 
mise of 1850. 

.4 9 Policy of both political parties condemned. 



8o Outlines of United States History. 

3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Popular — Democrat 1,601,474; Whig 1,386,578; 

Free Soil 156,140. 
2 8 Electoral (Basis, 93,423) Democrat 254, Whig 
42. 

( 1 Senate D. 35; W. 20; F. 2 
3 8 33d Congress ■< 2 House D. 159; W. 71; F. 
( Soil 4. 

*Boyd, speaker. 
12 4 FRANKLIN PIERCE and Rufus King, 1853-57. 
i 5 Events. 
i 6 Political. 

i 7 Advisers — Marcy, Guthrie, Davis, Cushing and 
Campbell. 

2 T Approved the Compromise Measures. 
3 7 Slavery again revived by the Kansas-Nebraska 
Bill. 

i 8 Division of the Platte Country. 
i 9 From 37 to 40 called Kansas. 
2 9 From 40 to 43 called Nebraska. 
2 8 Declared Missouri Compromise repealed by 

Compromise of 1850. 
3 8 Result of popular Sovereignty (Squatter Sov- 
ereignty). 

i 9 Struggle for possession of Kansas. 

2 9 Emigrants from Missouri and New England. 

3 9 Rival governments. 

i 10 Lecompton Constitution — Pro-Slavery. 

2 10 Topeka Constitution — Anti-Slavery. 
4 9 Civil War in Kansas. 

I 10 Attack on Lawrence. 

2 10 Sumner assaulted by Brooks. 

3 10 John Brown executed by Virginia. 
5 9 Trouble in Congress — Army Bill. 



Outlines of United States History. 



81 



6 9 Legally repealed the Missouri Compromise. 
7° Politically disrupted the North and South. 
4 7 Growth of parties. 
i 8 Anti-Nebraska men took the name of Repub- 
lican. 

2 8 American party superseded the Whig. 
3 8 Democratic party divided on the extension of 
slavery. 

5 7 Internal improvement vetoed. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Death of Vice President. 
2 7 1853, Crystal Palace opened in New York. 
3 7 1853, Clearing House opened in New York. 
4 7 Improvement of the McCormick Reaper. 
5 7 1853, Gadsden's Purchase, made by Senator 

Gadsden of South Carolina. 
6 7 Improvement of public roads at National ex- 
pense. 

7 7 Martin Kostza Episode. 
8 7 1854, Treaty with Japan by Perry. 
9 7 Filibustering Expedition of Walker. 
io 7 Ostend Manifesto. 
I 8 To purchase Cuba. 

2 8 Commissioners — Buchanan, Mason and Soule. 
3 8 Opposed by Europe. 
11 7 Kane's Expedition in the North. 
12 7 Grinnell sends DeHaven — Open Polar Sea. 
3 6 Campaign of 1856. 
I 7 Conventions and nominations. 
I 8 American, Philadelphia, February 22 — Fill- 
more, New York. 
2 s Democrat, Cincinnati, June 2 — Buchanan, 
Pennsylvania. 



82 



Outlines of United States History. 



3 8 Republican, Philadelphia, June 17 — Fremont, 
California. 
2 7 Platform of Resolutions. 
1 8 American. 
1 9 Perpetuity of Union. 
2 9 Native Citizens in office. 
3 9 No officer obliged to any Foreign Power. 
4 9 Non-interference by Congress with State. 
5 9 Period of Naturalization extended to twenty- 
one years. 
2 8 Democrat. 
1 9 Opposition to Know Nothing movement. 
2 9 Tariff for Revenue only. 
3 9 Kansas-Nebraska Bill approved. 
4 9 Opposition to "Broad Construction". 
5 9 Opposition to Internal Improvement. 
6 9 Opposition to National Bank. 
7 9 Opposition to Republican movement. 
3 8 Republican. 
i 9 Maintenance of rights of Nation and State; 

preservation of Union. 
2 9 Congress can not legislate Slavery into a 
territory. 

3 9 Congress can prohibit Slavery in a territory. 
4 9 System of Internal Improvement. 
5 9 Pacific Railroad. 

6 9 Denounced the President's Kansas policy. 
7 9 Kansas to be admitted as a free state. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
1 8 Popular — Democrat, 1,838,169; Republican, 

1,341,264; American, 374,534. 
2 s Electoral — Dem. 174, Rep. 114, A. 8. 

38 34th Congress j 1 f. enate ' £■ f' R- IS. A- 5- 
J 3H s ( 2 House, D. 83, R. 108, A. 43. 



Outlines of United States History. 



S3 



13 4 JAMES BUCHANAN and J. C. Breckinridge— 
1857 to 1861. 
I 5 Events. 
i G Political. 

1 7 Advisers — Cass, Cobb, Floyd, Thompson and 
Black. 

2 7 Policy — Popular Sovereignty. 

3 7 1857, March 7, Dred Scott Decision. 

I 8 Scott not a citizen but a thing. 

2 8 Scott no hearing in Court. 

3 8 Missouri Compromise unconstitutional. 

4 8 Dissenting judges — McLean of Ohio and Cur- 
tiss of Massachusetts. 
4 7 Continuance of Kansas discussion. 
5 7 Growing disruption between North and South. 
6 7 Homestead Law vetoed by Buchanan — failed. 
7 7 Admission of Minnesota and Oregon. 
8 7 John Brown's Raid and "Helper's Crisis". 
9 7 Panic of 1857. 
io 7 Covode Investigation. 
11 7 Lincoln-Douglas Debate, 1858. 
12 7 Disruption of the Democratic Party. 
13 7 Election of Lincoln. 

14 7 Secession of South Carolina, Georgia and the 

Gulf States. 
15 7 Confederacy organized. 
16 7 Crittenden Compromise.- 
I s Maintenance of Missouri Compromise. 
2 8 Government to pay for Slaves escaped from 
officers. 

17 7 Peace Convention — Tyler, President. 
18 7 Morrill Tariff. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Mormon trouble. 



Outlines of United States History. 

2 7 1858, Atlantic Cable laid. 
3 7 Growth and Development. 

I 8 Discovery of Silver in Nevada and Colorado. 

2 8 Development of Oil and Natural Gas in Penn- 
sylvania. 

3 8 Inventive genius enhanced by Patents. 
4 8 Literature. 
I 9 Motley, Lowell and Emerson. 
2 9 4,000 Newspapers. 
3 9 Public Schools. 
I 10 1850, 110,000 schools, 5,000,000 pupils. 
2 10 1850, 400 Colleges. 
5 8 Growth of cities. 
6 8 Census of i860. 
I 9 31,443,321 — nearly 4,000,000 slaves. 
2 9 28,000 Postoffices 30,600 miles of R. R. 
3 G Campaign of i860. 
I 7 Conventions and nominations. 
I 8 Democrat, Charleston, April 23, i860 — No 
choice. 

i 9 Baltimore, June 18, Douglas and Johnson. 
2 9 Seceders, Baltimore, June 28, Breckinridge. 
2 8 Republican, Chicago, May 16, Lincoln and 
Hamlin. 

3 s American — "Constitutional Union," Baltimore 
May 9, Bell of Tennessee. 
2 7 Platform of resolutions. 
i 8 Democrat — Douglas Wing. 

I 9 Re-afhrmed Cincinnati, platform of 1856. 

2 9 Pledged aid to the Pacific Railroad. 

3 9 Recommended acquisition of Cuba. 

4 9 Denounced Personal Liberty laws. 

5 9 Approved Dred Scott decision. 
2 8 Democrat — Breckinridge Wing. 



Outlines of United States History. 85 



I 9 Same as Douglas. 

2 9 Demands Constitutional protection to 
slavery. 
3 8 Republican. 

I 9 Re-affirmed platform of 1856. 

2 9 Denounced schemes of Disunion. 

3 9 Maintenance of rights of states. 

4 9 Denounced President's policy toward Kan- 
sas. 

5 9 Can not legislate slavery into the Union. 
6 9 Admission of Kansas as a free state. 
7 9 Protection, Internal Improvement, Pacific R. 
R. and Plomestead law. 
4 8 American. 

i 9 Constitution, Union and Enforcement of Laws. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
I 8 Popular — Lincoln, 1,866,352; Douglas, 1,375,- 

157; Breckinridge, 845,763; Bell, 589,581. 
2 8 Electoral — Lincoln, 180; Douglas, 12; Breck- 
inridge, 72; Bell, 39. 



3 8 36th Congress < 2 House D. 86; R. 109; A. 22, 



Events. 
6 Political. 

1 Advisers — Seward, Chase, Staunton, Blair, 

Sumner and Evarts. 
2 7 Supporters in Congress. 
I 8 Thad. Stevens, Wade, Fessenden, Washburn, 
Trumbull, Schenck, Kelley, Lovejoy, Morrill, 
Fenton, Boutwell, Hale, Anthony, Chandler, 



1 Senate D. 38; R. 25; A. 2. 



and 13 others. 



ABRAHAM LINCOLN 




*i86i to 1869. 



Outlines of United States History. 

Windom, Sherman, Wilson, Henderson, In- 
galls, Blaine, Conkling, Collamer, etc. 

3 7 War Governors. 
I s Brough, Ohio; Morton, Indiana; Curtin, Penn- 
sylvania; Morgan, New York; Andrew, Massa- 
chusetts; Yates, Illinois; Blair, Michigan; 
Cooney, Maine. 

4 7 Agitators. 
I 8 Editors — Benj. Lundy, Garrison, Greely and 
Brownlow. 

2 8 Ministers — Beecher, Wayland, Parker and 
Simpson. 

3 8 Poets — Bryant, Whittier and Longfellow. 
4 8 Orators — J. O. Adams, Phillips, Giddings and 
Hale. 

5 8 Authors — Stowe and Wilson. 
5 7 Confederacy organized. 
i 8 J. Davis, President, and A. H. Stevens, Vice 
President. 

2 8 Advisers — Toombs, Benjamin, Mason, W T alker, 
Cobb, Mallory, Memminger, Floyd, Breckin- 
ridge, Reagan and Thompson. 
6 7 Civil War— 1861-65. 
I s Causes. 
i 9 Construction of the Constitution. 
i 10 North — Liberal or Loose — Implied and ex- 
pressed powers. 
i 11 Constitutional Supremacy — Nationality. 
2 10 South — Strict Construction — Expressed 
powers only. 
i 11 State or Popular Sovereignty — Kentucky 

and Virginia Resolutions. 
2 11 Secession. 



Outlines of United States History. 87 



29 S y stem of Labor I 2 Wh-slave } SIavei >'- 
I 10 1619, Introduction in the South as Slaves. 
2 10 Slavery in the Colonies. 
i 11 Indians enslaved by Columbus, Spain and 

West Indies. 
2 n Negroes enslaved in the Spanish Colonies. 
3 n Negroes enslaved in the English Colonies. 
i 13 Virginia, 1619; New England, 1637; 
South Sea and African Company. 
4 11 Slavery in New York. 

5 11 1 775 — Of the Original states, six were 
slave and seven free. 
3 10 Compromises in the Constitution. 
i 11 Fugitive Slave Law. 

2 11 Apportioning Representatives — three 
whites equal to five blacks. 

3 11 Importation not restricted prior to 1808. 
4 10 Invention of the Cotton Gin. 
5 10 Missouri Compromise. 
6 10 Annexation of Texas. 
7 10 VVilmot Proviso and Mexican Cessions. 
8 10 Mexican War and Mexican Cessions. 
9 10 Compromise of 1850 (Omnibus Bill). 
io 10 Kansas-Nebraska Bill. 
11 10 Assault on Sumner by Brooks. 
I2 io D re d Scott Decision. 
13 10 John Brown's Raid. 
14 10 Election of Lincoln. 
3 9 Want of Intercourse between the North and 

South. 

4 9 Publication of Sectional Books. 
5 9 Influence of Demagogues. 
6 9 Intense Public Opinion. 



88 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 8 Steps toward War. 
I 9 Seizure of Forts and Arsenals in the South. 
2 9 Firing on Star of the West. 
3 9 Secession of seven states and formation of 
the Confederacy. 

I 10 Capital located and powers assumed. | 

2 10 Feb. 4, 1861, Election of provisional Presi- 
dent and Vice President. 

3 10 Adoption of a Constitution and a flag. 

4 10 Steps for creating an Army and Navy. 

5 10 Usurpation of power — consulted not the 
people. 

6 10 Further seizure of public places. 
7 10 Southern Congressmen resign. 
8 10 Bombardment of Sumter — April 12, 1861. 
9 10 Inactivity of Congress — proposals for com- 
promise. 

IO 10 Lincoln calls for 75,000 troops, April 15, 
1861. 

3 8 Organization and plans for the Union of 1861. 
I 9 Conditions for War of the North and South. 
I 10 Advantages of the North. 
I 11 Double the number of men to draw from. 
2 11 Greater resources — Iron Mills, Foundries, 
Ship Yards, etc. 
2 10 Advantages of the South. 
I 11 Better prepared — Arsenals and Armies. 
2 11 Better drilled men. 

3 11 Employed all its men — slaves did home 
labor. 

4 11 On the defensive, not offensive. 
5 11 More determined — North inactive. 
2 9 Strength of Armies in 1861. 




Outlines of United States History. 



8 9 



2 10 Confederate — 150,000, under Beauregard. 
3 9 Campaigns. 
1 10 East — Virginia. 
1 11 Big Bethel, in western Virginia, and Shen- 
andoah Valley. 
2 11 Bull Run, July 21— McDowell and Beau- 
regard — defeat. 
3 11 Ball's Bluff— defeat— death of Col. Baker. 
2 10 East — Hatteras and Port Royal. 
3 10 West — Missouri. 
I 11 Camp Jackson taken. 
2 11 Wilson's Creek — death of Lyon. 
3 11 Grant's expedition against Belmont. 
4 9 Events of 1861. 
I 10 Blockade of coast declared. 
2 10 Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina and 

Tennessee join the Confederacy. 
3 10 Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri and Dela- 
ware refuse to secede. 
4 10 Bloodshed in Baltimore, April 19. 
5 10 Death of Ellsworth at Alexandria. 
510 Negroes pronounced Contraband — Butler. 
7 10 Emancipation Proclamation of Fremont in 
Missouri. 

S 10 Malignant attitude of Foreign Countries. 
9 10 Trent Episode. 
10 10 Generals at end of 1861. 
1 11 Federal— McClellan, Halleck, Grant, Fre- 
mont and Burnside. 
2 n Confederate — Beauregard, J. E. and A. S. 
Johnston and Jackson. 
4 8 Plans of the Union and their prosecution in 
1862. 



90 



Outlines of United States History. 



i 9 Capture of the Coast and enforcement of the 
blockade. 

i 10 Burnside against Roanoke, February. 
2 10 Worden in Hampton Roads — Monitor and 
Merrimac. 
2 9 Opening of the Mississippi. 
I 10 Battle of Pea Ridge, Ark. 
2 10 Mill Springs — death of Zollicoffer. 
3 10 Grant's Campaign of 1862. 
I 11 Forts Henry and Donelson — Feb. 6 and 

16, against Buckner. 
2 11 Shiloh (Pittsburg Landing), April 6 and 

7 — against Beauregard. 
3 11 Northern Mississippi, Iuka and Corinth — 
September and October. 
4 10 Upper Mississippi. 
i 11 Island No. 10, April 7, Pope and Foote. 
2 11 Fort Pillow, Memphis and Chickasaw 

Bluffs. 
5 10 Lower Mississippi. 
I 11 Farragut and Butler capture New Orleans. 
3 9 Central Campaign against Bragg. 
i 10 Grant sends Buell into Kentucky. 
2 io Perryville, Oct. 8 — Buell is superseded by 
Rosecrans. 

3 10 Murfreesboro (Stone River), Dec. 31 and 

Jan. 2, '63 — Rosecrans against Bragg. 
4 10 Armies go South. 
4 9 Campaign against Richmond — Peninsular 
Campaign — McClellan. 

i 10 April 4, to May 4, McClellan with 100,000 

beseiges Yorktown. 
2 10 Williamsburg — McClellan against Johnston 

— May 5. 



Outlines of United States History. 



9i 



3 10 Fair Oaks, May 31 and June I, Johnston 

wounded — Lee in command. 
4 10 Jackson .in the Shenandoah — McDowell, 

Banks and Fremont. 
5 10 Seven Days battles, June 26 to July 1. 
1 11 Mechanicsville, Gaines' Mill, Savage's Sta- 
tion, Frazier's Farm and Malvern Hill. 
6 10 Halleck made Commander-in-chief. 
5 9 Pope's Campaign. 
1 10 Cedar Mountain. 

2 10 Second battle of Bull Run — Pope defeated 

by Lee and Jackson. 
3 10 Chantilly — death of Stevens and Kearney. 
6 9 McClellan reinstated and attacks Lee. 
I 10 South Mountain. 

2 10 Antietam — Sept. 17, McClellan supersed- 
ed by Burnside. 

3 10 Fredericksburg — Dec. 13, Burnside defeat- 
ed. 

f Results of 1862. 
i 10 Union Victories. 
I 11 Mill Springs, Forts Henry and Donelson, 
Pea Ridge, Shiloh, Corinth, Hampton 
Roads, Roanoke, Pulaski and New Orle- 
ans. 

2 10 East and Centre — partially successful. 
8 9 Events up to 1863. 
I 10 Pacific Railroad and Telegraph recom- 
mended. 
2 10 Homestead Law passed. 
3 10 Iron Clad Oath became a law. 
4 10 Financial. 
I 11 Greenbacks issued. 
2 11 National Banks established. 



9 2 



Outlines of United States History. 



3 11 Tariff of 1861. 

5 10 Slavery abolished in the District of Colum- 
bia and forbidden in the territories. 

6 10 Confiscation of Confederate property. 

7 10 Breaking out of the Sioux War. 

8 10 Emancipation Proclamation announced. 

9 10 1,300,000 Volunteers called; 600 Naval ves- 
sels. 

10 10 Daily expense — $3,000,000. 
5 8 Plans and engagements of 1863. 
I 9 Army of the Potomac, under Hooker. 
1 10 Chancellorsville, May 2 and 3, under 
Hooker against Lee. 
I 11 Federal force 90,000 and loss 17,000. 
2 11 Confederate, 45,000 and loss 12,000 with 
death of Jackson. 
2 10 Cavalry Raids in Shenandoah Valley. 
3 10 Lee's second attempt to invade the North. 
I 11 Hooker superseded b)' Meade. 
2 11 Gettysburg — July 1, 2 and 3. 
I 12 Federal force 80,000; loss23,ooo | Union 
2 12 Confederate, 70,000; loss 30,000 ) victory 
2 9 Western Campaign. 
I 10 Position and object — Opening of the Miss- 
issippi. 

1 11 Federal — Grant (Holly Springs), Banks 
(Louisiana), Rosecrans (Murfreesboro) 
and Sherman (Arkansas). 

2 11 Confederate — Pemberton ( Vicksburg), 
Johnston (in West), succeeded by Bragg. 
2 10 Grant's Vicksburg Campaign. 

i 11 Attempt to change the course of Mississ- 
ippi River. 

. 2 11 Recrossed the Mississippi at Gibson and 



Outlines of United States History. 



93 



fought five battles. 
3 11 Struck Johnston at Jackson and Pemberton 

at Champion Hills. 
4 11 Shut Pemberton up in Vicksburg. 
5 11 Surrender of Vicksburg, July 4, 1863. 
3 10 Port Hudson surrendered to Banks, July 9. 
4 10 Union takes possession of Arkansas. 
5 10 Rosecrans in the Centre — Tennessee and 
Kentucky. 

I 11 Morgan attempts to get into the North. 
2 11 Chicamauga, Sept. 19 and 20. 
I 12 Federal force 55,000, loss 17,000 ) ^ 
2 12 Confederate 60,000, loss 17,000 J 

*Bragg and Longstreet. Union defeat. 
3 11 Siege of Chattanooga, November. 
I 12 Arrival of Grant, Sherman and Hooker. 
2 12 Grant placed in Command. 
3 1 ' 2 Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge, 
Nov. 23 and 24. 
I 13 Federal force 60,000, loss 6,000 ) * 
2 13 Confederate 35,000, loss 10,000 j 
*Bragg and Longstreet. Union victory. 
4 11 Seige of Knoxville abandoned. 
3 9 Campaign on the Coast. 
I 10 Siege of Charleston by Gilmore with gun- 
boats and ironclads. 
2 10 Capture of the Ironclad Atlanta, by Mon- 
itor Weehawken. 
3 10 Union possesses Texas. 
4 9 Results on the field at the end of 1863. 
I 10 Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri and Arkan- 
sas controlled by the Union; War confined 
to the South. 
2 10 Mississippi River opened — Confederacy 



94 



Outlines of United States History. 



split — Union united. 
3 10 East more favorable after Gettysburg. 
4 10 New set of generals control — Grant, Sher- 
man and Sheridan. 
5 10 England aids the South in vessels — Ala- 
bama, Florida and Georgia. 
5 9 Events of 1863. 
i 10 Emancipation took effect, January 1, 1863. 
i 11 Included States in open rebellion. 
2 11 Excluded Maryland, Missouri, Kentucky, 

Delaware and loyal parts of other states. 
3 11 Emancipated over 3,000,000 Negroes. 
2 10 Conscription Act of the Confederacy. 
3 10 Resources of the South rapidly decreasing. 
4 10 Depreciation of Paper Money of both 

North and South. 
5 10 Draft Riots of New York. 
6 10 West Virginia admitted to the Union. 
7 10 Colored troops employed in the Union lines. 
8 10 Habeas Corpus suspended. 
9 10 Reconstruction Measures discussed. 
io 10 $972,000,000 appropriated this year. 
11 10 Vallandigham banished. 
12 10 Lincoln's Gettysburg speech, 
joio Lincoln issues two Amnesty Proclama- 
tions. 

6 8 Continuance of Campaigns through 1864. 
I 9 Position of the Armies. 
I 10 Union — Grant made Lieut. General, March. 
i 11 Grant — attacks Lee at Richmond with 

1 16,000 men. 
2 11 Sherman — with armies of Ohio and Tenn. 
to invade the South. 
2 10 Confederate. 



Outlines of United States History. 



95 



i n Lee with an army of 62,000 men to de- 
fend Richmond. 
2* 11 Johnston with an army of 75,000 to pro- 
tect Georgia. 
2 9 Engagements. 
i 10 Red River expedition by Banks and Port- 
er. 

I 11 Object — capture of Shreveport and pos- 
session of Texas — futile. 
2 10 Sherman's Campaign after Chattanooga. 
i 11 Advance on Atlanta. 
i 12 Dalton, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw and 

Lost Mountains. 
2 12 Atlanta captured and occupied, Sept. 2. 
3 12 Hood superseded Johnston before the 

battle of Atlanta. 
4 12 McPherson was killed. 
2 1] Sherman's March to the Sea with 60,000 
picked men and supplies. 
I 12 One month of marching. 
2 12 In four columns, sixty miles in width. 
3 12 Destroyed Railroads and Bridges, living 

on the country. 
4 12 Ft. McAllister taken and Savannah in 
December — Christmas. 
3 10 Grant's Campaign against Lee. 
i 11 Butler with 30,000 men sent up James 

River — futile. 
2 11 Hunter and Sigel sent up the Shenandoah 
—futile. 

3 11 Grant in the Wilderness against Lee, May 
5 and 6. 

i 12 Losses to Grant — nearly 20,000 and Gen. 
Wadsworth. 



Outlines of United States History. 

4 11 Spottsylvania C. H. — loss 14,000. 

5 11 Cold Harbor — 10,000 lost in 20 minutes. 

6 11 Movements around Richmond. 

7 11 Siege of Petersburg. 

8 11 Petersburg Mine Explosion. 

9 11 Sheridan in Shenandoah. 

I 12 Early defeated at Winchester. 

2 12 "Sheridan's Ride" — Winchester to Cedar 
Creek. 

3 12 Entire valley devastated. 
4 10 On the Coast. 
I 11 Defeat of Union expedition in Florida at 
Olustee. 

2 11 Defeat of Banks' Red River expedition at 
Sabine. 

3 11 Cushing destroys the Albemarle with 
Torpedo. 

4 11 Failure of Butler and Porter to capture 

Fortress Monroe. 
5 11 Forrest's raid through Tennessee, and 

capture of Fort Pillow. 
6 11 Farragut's heroic exploit in Mobile Bay. 
3 9 Results — year ended with but little hope for 

the Confederacy. 
4 9 Events. 

i 10 Great distress in the South — worthless 
money. 

2 10 Canada made a refuge for rebels. 

3 10 Dread suffering of Union prisoners in Lib- 
by and Andersonville. 

4 10 Nevada admitted, 1864. 

5 10 1,200,000 men called out during the year. 

6 10 Internal Revenue, Income Tax and Na- 
tional Bank Laws. 



Outlines of United States History. 



97 



7 10 Campaign of 1864. 
I 11 Conventions and nominations. 
I 12 Republican — Baltimore, June 7, Lincoln 

and Johnson. 
2 12 Democratic — Chicago, Aug, 29, McClell- 

an and Pendleton. 
3 12 Radical Men— Cleveland, May 31, Fre- 
mont and Cockrane. 
2 11 Platform of Resolutions. 
I 12 Republican. 
I 13 Pledged aid to suppress rebellion. 
2 13 Peace on unconditional surrender only. 
3 13 Abolition of slavery. 
4 13 Gratitude to soldiers. 
5 13 Approved administration in its prose- 
cution of the war. 
6 13 Favored Immigration and Pacific R. R. 
7 13 Pledge to redeem public debt. 
2 12 Democratic. 
I 13 Union under the Constitution. 
2 13 War a failure — Peace should be made. 
3 13 Denounced Military interference at 
elections. 

4 13 Preservation of the Union and rights of 
the States. 

5 13 Denounced war measures of the admin- 
istration. 

6 13 Sympathy for Soldiers and Sailors. 
3 12 Radical Men. 
I 13 Same as Republican with plank for one 
term. 

2 13 Withdrew candidate in favor of Lincoln 
— three states. 
3 11 Result — vote. 



Outlines of United States History. 



i 12 Popular — Rep. 2,216,067 ( 22 states), 

Dem. 1,808,175 (3 states). 
2 12 Electoral — Rep. 212, Dem. 21. Basis 

127,380. 



8 10 Depreciation of National Currency — gold 
190. 

9 10 Reconstruction measures of Lincoln — Lou- 
isiana under Federal control. 
7 8 Conclusion of the War. 1865. 
i 9 Sherman's march from Savannah north. 
i 10 Columbia, Fayetteville, Charleston and 

Wilmington. 
2 10 Attack at Goldsboro by Johnston with an 

army of 41,000. 
3 1 . Johnston surrenders at Raleigh, to Sher- 
man, April 26. 
2 9 War in the South ended by Farragut. 
3 9 Grant's Richmond finish. 
I 10 Reinforcement of Sheridan with 10,000 
men. 

2 10 Lee captured Steadman and was struck at 
Five Forks. 

3 10 Grant entered Petersburg and Richmond 

April 2, with 100,000 men. 
4 10 Lee with 50,000 retreated west — Davis and 

Cabinet into North Carolina. 
5 10 Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox C. 
H. April 9. 
i 11 Terms of Surrender. 
i 12 To take up arms no more against the 
government. 



3 12 39th Congress 



1 Senate R. 40, D. 1 1 

2 House R. 145, D.40 
*Colfax, speaker. 




Outlines of United States History. 



99 



2 12 To give up public property. 
3 12 To retain horses for use in plowing. 
4 9 Grand Review of Armies of Grant and Sher- 
man — May. 

5 9 Assassination of the President, April 14, 
1865 — Johnson inaugurated. 

6 9 Execution of the Assassins. 

7 9 Jefferson Davis captured, May 11. Impris- 
oned in Ft. Monroe. 

8 9 Sanitary and Christian Commissions — Their 
work. 

8 8 General Summary of the War. 
I 9 Strength of Armies. 
I 10 Union — Called out 2,942,748 — responded, 
2,690,000. 

I 11 Largest number at any one time — May, 

1865 — 1,000,516. 
2 11 Navy — 700 vessels — 60 iron clad — 50,000 
sailors. 
2 10 Confederate. 
i 1] Largest number, 1,300,000; 690,000 at one 
time, 1863. 
2 9 Cost. 
I 10 Receipts, $780,000,000. 
2 10 Debt, $2,750,000,000. 
3 10 Slaves, #2,000,000,00.0. 
4 10 Pensions, $1,500,000,000. 
5 10 Lives, nearly 300,000 on each side. 
3 9 Result. 
I 10 Primary object — Union preserved. 
2 10 Secondary object — Slavery abolished — 
War measure. 
4 9 Classification of battles. 
I 10 Union Victories — principal, engagements. 



ioo Outlines of United States History. 

i 11 1 861 — Minor engagements. 
2 11 1862. 

I 13 Forts Henry and Donelson, Shiloh, Island 
No. 10, New Orleans, Iuka. 

2 12 East — Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Hano- 
ver C. H., South Mt. and Antietam. 

3 12 Centre — Perryville and Murfreesboro 
(Stone River). 

4 12 Coast — Monitor and Merrimac. 
3" 1863. 

I 12 West — Vicksburg, Port Hudson and mi- 
nor engagements. 

2 12 East — Gettysburg and minor engage- 
ments. 

3 12 Centre — Lookout Mt. and Mission Ridge. 
4 11 1864 — East and Centre — Victorious to 
Union. 

2 10 Confederate Victories — principal battles. 
I 11 1861— Bull Run, Ball's Bluff and Wilson's 
Creek. 

2 11 1862 — Peninsular Campaign and 2nd Bull 
Run. 

3 11 1863 — Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville 
and Chicamauga. 

4 11 1864 — Cold Harbor and minor engage- 
ments. 

5 9 Commanding Generals. 
i 10 Union — Infantry. 
I 11 West — Grant, Halleck, Sherman, Fremont 
and Banks. 

2 11 Potomac — Scott, McClellan, Pope, Burn- 
side, Hooker, Meade and Grant. 
3 11 Centre — Buell, Rosecrans and Thomas. 
4 11 Coast — Worden, Gilmore, Farragut, Foote 



Outlines of United States History. ioi 



and Porter. 
2 10 Union — Cavalry. 

i 11 Sheridan, Kilpatrick, Stoneman. 
3 10 Confederate — Infantry. 
i 11 Jos. and A. S. Johnston, Lee, Bragg, Hood, 
Pemberton, Polk, Van Dorn, Price, Bu- 
chanan and Semmes. 
4 10 Cavalry — Jackson, Ewall, Forrest, Early, 
Morgan and Hill. 
6 9 Dead Heroes. 
I 10 Union — Lyon, Baker, Reynolds, McPher- 
son, Wadsworth, Stevens, Kearney, Sedge- 
wick. 

2 10 Confederate — A. S. Johnston, Jackson, Zol- 
licoffer, Garnett. 
ANDREW JOHNSON, April 15, 1865 to March 
4, 1869. 
Events. 
6 Political. 

1 7 Advisers — Seward, Stanton, McCullough and 
Evarts. 

2 7 13th Amendment ratified by States. 

1 8 Abolished Slavery throughout the Nation. 
3 7 Black Codes. 
4 7 Policy of Reconstruction. 
I 8 Position of President. 
1 9 Abolition of Slavery — 13th Amendment. 
2 9 Rescinding Secession ordinances. 
3 9 Repudiation of Confederate Debt. 
2 8 Position of Congress. 
i 9 Abolition of Slavery — 13th Amendment. 
2 9 Rescinding Secession Ordinances. 
3 9 Repudiation of Confederate Debt. 
4 9 Granting of Citizenship to the Colored Man 



102 



Outlines of United States History. 



— 14th Amendment. 
3 8 States placed under Military control — five 
districts. 

4 8 Reconstruction Committee and its work. 
I 9 Senate — Fessenden, Harris, Grimes, How- 
land and Williams. 
2 9 House — Thad. Stevens, Morrill, Bingham, 
Conkling, Grider, Washburne, Boutwell, 
Rogers and Blow. 
5 7 Three Freedmen's Bureau Bills passed. 
6 7 Disruption between Johnson and Congress. 
1 8 Civil Rights Bill passed over Johnson's Veto. 
2 8 14th Amendment passed in 1868, without his 
consent. 

3 8 Republicans issue an address against the Pres- 
ident. 

4 8 President's power restricted — Tenure of Office 
Bill. 

5 8 Removal of Stanton — violation of Tenure of 

Office Law. 
6 8 Impeachment of Johnson. 

I 9 Nine charges made by the House. 

2 9 Counsel. 

1 10 Prosecution — Butler, Stevens, Bingham and 
Boutwell. 

2 10 Defense — Evarts, Groesbeck, Curtis, Nel- 
son and Stanberry. 
3 9 Vote — 35 for conviction and 19 for acquittal. 
7 7 Ku Klux Klan — "Invisible Empire" — "White 
League". 

8 7 Negro legislation — "Carpet Bagger". 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
1 7 Proclamation of Amnesty by Johnson. 
I 8 May 29, 1865 — All except fourteen classes. 



Outlines of United States History. 103 



2 8 Aug. 20, 1866 — Another was issued, a few ex- 
cepted. 

3 s July 4, 1868 — Full pardon was granted. 
2 7 Army formally disbanded; 1,000,000 soldiers 

became citizens. 
3 7 Duplicity of Napoleon — Execution of Maxi- 
milian. 

4 7 Transatlantic Communication perfected. 

I 8 1866, Cyrus W. Field successfully solved it. 
5 7 Russian America (Alaska) obtained, 1867. 

I s Seward purchased it for $7,200,000. 

2 8 Resource — Fisheries, Lumber, Furs, etc. 
6 7 1867, Nebraska admitted. 
7 7 Bureau of Education established. 

I 8 To encourage Education where needed. 
8 7 Fenian Movement intercepted by Johnson's 

Neutrality. 
9 7 Virginius difficulty. 
io 7 1868, Burlingame Embassy. 
3 6 Campaign of 1868. 
I 7 Conventions and nominations. 

I 8 Republican — Chicago, May — Grant and Col- 
fax. 

2 8 Democrat — New York, July — Seymour and 
Blair. 

2 7 Platform of Resolutions. 
I 8 Republican. 
i 9 Approved the method of Reconstruction. 
2 9 Pledged equal suffrage to all loyal men of 

the South. 
3 9 National Debt held inviolate. 
4 9 Reduction of taxation, payment of debt, im- 
provement of credit. 
5 9 Johnson's policy denounced, Lincoln's death 



104 



Outlines of United States History. 



deplored. 

6 9 Immigration encouraged; protection to Nat- 
uralized Citizens. 

7 9 Honor to soldiers and sympathy for the op- 
pressed. 
2 8 Democratic. 

I 9 Secession and Slavery settled by War. 

2 9 Immediate restoration of States — suffrage 
left to states. 

3 9 Amnesty for all past offenses. 

4 9 Debt paid in lawful currency; one currency. 

5 9 Equal taxation — revenue tariff — incidental 
protection. 

6 9 Abolition of Freedmen's Bureau. 

7 9 Usurpation of Administration by Congress 
denounced. 

8 9 Rights of Naturalized Citizens maintained. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Popular — Grant 3,015,071, 22 states; Seymour 

2,709,613, 8 states. 
2 8 Electoral — Grant 214; Seymour 80. 

, 1 Senate, R. 58; D. 10; } 

o . r ) 8 vacancies. f & 

3 8 41st Congress < n u T A ^ r A > * 
04 s 2 House, R. 149; D. 04; I 

' 25 vacancies. ' 
*Blaine, speaker. 

16* U. S. GRANT and j Wilson [ l86 9 to 1877. 

I 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

1 7 Advisers — Washburne, Boutwell, Cox, Hoar, 

Fish, Delano and Belknap. 
2 7 Policy., anuounced — Conservative — "Let us 

have peace." 



Outlines of United States History. 105 



3 7 Reconstruction completed and sustained by 
Supreme Court. 

I 8 1866, Tenn.; 1868, Ark., N. C, S. C, La., Ala., 
Fla.; 1870, Va., Miss., Tex. and Ga. 
4 7 1870 — 15th Amendment gave suffrage to the 

colored man. 
5 7 Federal supervision of elections in cities of 20,- 

000 and over. 
6 7 Constitutionality of Legal Tender Act of 1862 

maintained 187 1 . 
7 7 Investigation and suppression of Ku Klux 

Klan. 

8 7 Grant's San Domingo scheme rejected. 

9 7 "Force Bill," to enforce observance of 14th 

Amendment. 
io 7 England paid U. S. $15,500,000 indemnity — 

Alabama Claims. 
1 1 7 Attempt to reform the Civil Service — Board 

of Examiners appointed. 
12 7 Amnesty Bill passed 1872. 

13 7 Disruption of the Republican Party — Radical 
and Liberal. 
i 8 Causes — Political corruption and Scandals. 
I 9 Whiskey Rings in West, Boss Tweed's Ring 

in New York. 
2 9 Frauds of government agents of Indian af- 
fairs. 

3 9 Suspicion of Domingo Scheme. 
4° Peculation and Impeachment of Belknap. 
5 9 Credit-Mobilier Investigation. 
9 9 Political appointments. 
2 8 Leaders of the Liberals. 
i e Greely, Reid, Halstead, Sumner, Schurz, C. 
F. Adams, Trumbull and W T atterson. 



Outlines of United States History. 

3 8 Nominations — Greely and Brown. 

4 8 Resolutions — Pure and honest government — 
Union of all classes. 

5 8 Platform and Candidates endorsed by Demo- 
cratic party. 

6 8 "Straight Outs" nominated O'Conner and 
Adams. 

7 8 Temperance Convention at Columbus — Black 
and Colquitt. 

8 8 Labor Reform Convention — David Davis. 

9 8 Election of Grant and death of Greely. 
14 7 Credit-Mobilier Investigation. 
15 7 Salary Grab, passed 1873, repealed 1874. 
16 7 Demonetization of Silver, 1873. 
17" Conflict between McEnnery and Kellogg in 

Louisiana. 
18 7 Slaughter House Cases. 

19 7 Grant vetoes increasing currency to $400,000,- 
' 000. 

20 7 Grangers or Patrons of Husbandry organized. 

21 7 Sheridan sent to Louisiana — Report of doings 
of White League. 

22 7 1875, Preliminary Resumption of Specie Pay- 
ment. 

23 7 Sumner's Civil Rights Bill. 
24 7 Appropriations. 
i 8 For Pensions $29,553,500, Centennial $1,500,- 
000. 

25 7 Unsuccessful Measures. 
I 8 Blaine Amendment — Prohibiting appropria- 
tions for sectarian schools. 
2 8 Morton Amendment — Disposed of Electoral 
System. 



Outlines of United States History. 



107 



3 8 Unlimited Amnesty. 
3 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 1869 — Completion of the Pacific Railroad. 
I s Divisions. 
I 9 Union Pacific — Omaha to Ogden 1,029 miles. 
2 9 Central Pacific — Ogden to San Francisco, 878 
miles. 
2 8 Effect. 
I 9 Developed Commerce with Asia. 
2 9 Developed the "Great West". 
I 10 Increase of Agriculture, Manufacture and 

Mining industries. 
2 10 Growth of Cities. 
3 10 Establishment of Schools. 
2 7 Other Pacific Railroads. 
I 8 1883, Northern Pacific — Duluth to Puget 

Sound — down the coast. 
2 8 Southern Pacific — Shreveport to Los An- 
geles. 

3 7 Congress had voted 130,000,000 acres of land 
and $60,000,000 for Railroad. 
. 4 7 Treaty of Washington 1872. 

I 8 Alabama Claims settled by Arbitration. 
i 9 Representatives from Great Britain, United 
States, Italy, Brazil and Switzerland. 
2 8 North Western Boundary left to Emperor of 
Germany. 

3 8 Canadian Fishery Dispute left to Arbitrators. 
i 9 U. S. paid Great Britain $5,000,000 — Halifax 
Award. 

5 7 Yellowstone National Park established. 
6 7 Great Fires. 
I 8 1871 — Chicago. 
i 9 18,000 buildings, $200,000,000 loss, 100,000 



to8 Outlines of United States History. 



people homeless. 
2 9 North West — Michigan, Wisconsin and Min- 
nesota. 

3 9 1872— Boston — $80,000,000 property. 
7 7 1 873 — Financial Panic — "Black Friday". 
i 8 Failure of Jay Cooke of Philadelphia, from 

Railroad Speculation. 
2 8 Suspension of Specie payments by the large 
Banks of the Country. 
8 7 Indian disturbances. 
I s 1872-3, Modoc War — Lava Beds— Refused to 

go to their Reservation. 
2 8 1876, Sioux — Dakota — Refused to go to Res- 
ervation. 

i 9 Death of Custer, and body of men, about 
300. 

9 7 Grant's Indian Policy. 

I s Prize for model farmers, cattle raising and 
urged education. 
io 7 Development in Electricity recently. 

I 8 Electric Motor and Railway. 

2 8 Electric Lighting. 

3 8 Electricity in sub-marine and over-land teleg- 
raphy. 

4 8 Electricity in land and naval warfare. 
5 8 Electricity in the household. 
II 7 1876, Admission of Colorado (Centennial 
State). 

12 7 Centennial Exhibition of American Independ- 
ence. 

i 8 Opened by Grant and Dom Pedro — closed 

after 158 days. 
2 8 Visitors, nearly 10,000,000 — Receipts, $4,000,- 

000— Cost, $4,500,000. 



Outlines of United States History. 



109 



3 8 Grandest event of its kind in the World. 

Campaign of 1876. 

7 Conventions and nominations. 

I 8 Greenback Party (Independent), Indianapolis 

— P. Cooper. 
2 8 American National, Pittsburg — J. B. Walker. 
3 s Prohibition, Cleveland — Smith of Kentucky. 
4 8 Republican, Cincinnati — Hayes and Wheeler. 
5 8 Democrat, St. Louis — Tilden and Hendricks. 
7 Platform of Resolutions. 
I 8 Greenback Party. 
i 9 Financial policies of other parties de- 
nounced. 

2 9 Specie Resumption Act of 1875 denounced. 
3 9 United States notes aiegal tender demanded. 
4 9 Governmental development of all lines of in- 
dustries. 

5 9 Further issue of gold bonds denied. 

6 9 No exchange of bonds for silver as substi- 
tutes for fractional currency. 
2 8 American National Party. 

I 9 Ours is a Christian Nation — God requires 
and man needs a Sabbath. 

2 9 Prohibition of Importation, Manufacture or 
Sale of Intoxicants. 

3 9 Revocation of all Charters of all Secret Soci- 
eties. 

4 9 Pledged adherence to 13th, 14th and 15th 
Amendments. 

5 9 Disputes to be settled by Arbitrators. 

6 9 Bible placed in Public Schools. 

7 9 Monopolies discountenanced — Sound Cur- 
rency secured. 

8 9 Electoral System abolished — Election by di- 



no Outlines of United States History. 

rect vote of the people. 
3 s Prohibition Party — 15 planks. 
I 9 Prohibition of Intoxicants by the Govern- 
ment. 

2 9 Equal suffrage and eligibility to office. 
3 9 Lands to actual settlers, and reduction of 
Postage. 

4 9 No Lotteries, no Stock gambling. 

5 9 Polygamy abolished — Free Schools, Free 

Bible, Arbitration. 
6 9 Separation of sect from government and 

schools. 

7 9 Election by people — redemption of paper in 
gold. 

4 8 Republican — 18 planks. 

I 9 United States a nation, not a league. 

2 9 Principle of Independence in every State. 

3 9 Ample use of Constitutional powers for pro- 
tection to all citizens. 

4 9 Specie Resumption, Civil Service Reform, 
Responsibility in office. 

5 9 No sectarian control of schools; no land 
grants to corporations. 

6 9 Protection to Immigrants; Destruction of 
Polygamy; Rights of Women. 

7 9 Honor to Soldiers — no sectional lines — ap- 
proval of Administration. 
5 8 Democrat — 25 planks. 

I 9 Reform, Union, 13th, 14th and 15th Amend- 
ments. 

2 9 Reform, Taxation, Service, Public Lands and 
Foreign relations. 

3 9 Denounced Reconstruction policy of Con- 
gress. 



Outlines of United States History. iii 



turning Boards 



4 9 Denounced the failure to make good the le- 
gal tender notes. 
5 9 Denounced high taxes and extravagance. 
6 9 Denounced resumption act of 1875. 
7 9 Denounced Tariff legislation. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
1 8 Popular — R. 4,033,950, D. 4,284,885, G. 81,- 

740, P. 9,522, A. 539. 
2 8 Electoral — Disputed Presidency — Double Re- 
{ 1. Oregon. 

2. Louisiana. 

3. Florida. 

{ 4. South Carolina. 
3 8 Electoral Commission. 
I 9 Members. 
i 10 Senate — Bayard, Edmunds, Frelinghuy- 

sen, Morton and Thurman. 
2 10 House— Abbott, Garfield, Hoar, Hunton 
and Payne. 

3 10 Supreme Court — Bradley, Clifford, Field, 
Miller and Strong. 
2 9 Object — To investigate the Count. 
3 9 Decision to be final unless overruled by both 

Houses. 
4 9 Developments. 
I 10 Cipher Dispatches and "Visiting States- 
men". 

2 10 Potter Investigating Committee. 
3 10 Political intrigue on both sides. 
5 9 Result — 185 votes for Hayes and 184 for Til- 
den. 

( 1 Senate, D. 37, R. 38, ) 
4 8 45th Congress < Ind. 1. 

( 2 House, D. 156, R. 136. ) 
*Sam. J. Randall, speaker. 



TI2 



Outlines of United States History. 



5 s 46th Congress 



1 Senate, D. 42, R. 33, 

Ind. 1. 

2 House, D 148, R. 130, 




' Nationalists 15. 
*Randall, speaker. 
if R. B. HAYES and Wm. Wheeler, 1877 to 1881. 
i 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

I 7 Advisers — Evarts, Sherman, Schurz, McCreary, 

Devens and Key. 
2 7 Policy — Conciliatory toward the South. 
I 8 Visited the South and studied the political 
aspect. 

2 8 Withdrew the troops from South Carolina and 
Louisiana. 

3 8 Left the states to settle the rivalries between 
parties. 

. 4 8 Origin of Stalwarts — Opposed President's 
Southern policy. 
5 8 President lost the confidence of a portion of 
his own party. 
3 7 Civil Service Reform renewed. 
4 7 Bland Silver Bill, 1878 — Remonetization. 
I 8 Silver Dollar (412^ grains — 92 cents) a legal 

tender for debts. 
2 8 Coinage of not less than $2,000,000 nor more 

than $4,000,000 per month. 
3 8 President vetoed it — passed over his veto. 
5 7 Appropriations. 
i 8 Necessary appropriations deferred — Special 

session called. 
2 8 Army appropriation defeated by adding a 
"rider". 

i 9 To repeal the law providing maintenance of 



Outlines of United States History. "113 



peace at the Polls by Government. 
3 8 Legislative bill obstructed by a "rider". 
I 9 To repeal Federal authority to count the 
vote and make arrests at the Polls. 
4 8 Judiciary bill obstructed by a "rider". 
I 9 Denying compensation to Federal officers 
(marshals) for service at the polls. 
6 7 1879, Jan. 1, Resumption of Specie Payments 
took effect. 

7 7 Negro Exodus — from South to Northwest. 

8 7 Decision of Supreme Court sustained "General 

Election Law". 
9 7 Grant's Tour around the World. 
2 G Miscellaneous. 
I 7 1877 — Great Railroad Strikes on the B. and O. 
i 8 Causes — "Low wages, long hours, uncertain 
pay". 

2 8 $10,000,000 property destroyed. 
3 8 Very common occurrence at present. 
2 7 Deepening the Mississippi for Navigation, by 

J. B. Eads. 
3 7 Life Saving Service established. 
4" Fishery Award, 1878 — U. S. paid England $5,- 
000,000. 

5 7 Resident Chinese Embassy at Washington. 
6 7 Electric Lighting, Telephone and Railway in 

general use. 
7 7 1878, Yellow Fever in South — 15,000 deaths. 
8 7 Elevated R. R. in New York and Cable Cars in 

Cities. 

9 7 Trouble with Nez Perces Indians. 
io 7 Deaths. 

I 8 Morton, Bryant, Taylor, Chandler, Carpenter 



114 



Outlines of United States History. 



and J. T. Fields. 
1 1 7 Treaty with China suspending Immigration 
for a time. 

12 7 Census of 1880 — 50,182,525 — Cincinnati the 
centre of population. 
3 6 Campaign of 1880. 
I 7 Conventions and nominations. 
I 8 Republican — June, 1880 — Chicago — Garfield 
and Arthur. 

2 8 Democrat — June, 1880 — Cincinnati — Hancock 

and English. 
3 8 Greenback — June, 1880 — Chicago — Weaver 

and Chambers. 
4 8 Prohibition — June, 18S0 — Cleveland — Dow 
and Thompson. 
2 7 Platform of Resolutions. 
I 8 Republican. 
I 9 Rehearsal of past achievements. 
2 9 Pensions, reduction of debt, increase of com- 
merce. 

3 9 Constitution supreme over the states. 

4 9 Popular education — No funds for sectarian 

schools. 
5 9 Protection, Improvements. 
6 9 Oppose R. R. Monopolies and Polygamy. 
7 9 Restriction of Chinese immigration. 
8 9 Sustained outgoing administration. 
2 8 Democratic. 
I 9 Pledged to Democratic tradition and doc- 
trine. 

2 9 No Sumptuary Laws — fostered Common 
Schools. 

3 9 Home Rule, honest money, public credit. 
4 9 Tariff for Revenue only — free ballot. 



Outlines of United States History. 



5 9 Arraigned Hayes; Eulogized Tild£n. 

6 9 Land to actual settlers — no Chinese immi- 
gration. 
3 8 Greenback. 

i 9 Opposed to refunding Debt and National 
Banks. 

2 9 Favored Unlimited Coinage of Silver. 
3 9 Land to settlers — no Chinese. 
4 9 Congressional Control of Inter-State Com- 
merce. 

5 9 Suffrage Universal— no Sectarianism in gov- 
ernment. 
6 9 Income Tax — no bond-holders. 
4 s Prohibition. 
I 9 Arraignment of the two political parties. 
2 9 Series of Resolutions against the liquor 
traffic. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Popular — Rep. 4,449,053, Dem. 4,442,035, G. 

308,578, P. 10,305. 
2 8 Electoral — Rep. 214, Dem. 155. 



* Keifer, speaker. 
18 4 JAS. A. GARFIELD and C. A. Arthur, 1881-5. 
i 5 Events. 
I 6 Political. 

1 7 Advisers — Blaine, Windham, Lincoln, Hunt, 

Kirkwood, McVeagh and James. 
2 7 Policy announced. 

I 8 Civil Service regulated by law. 

2 s Universal education, the safe-guard of the 



3 8 47th ' Congress 



1 Senate, D. 37, R. 37,-Re- 

adjuster 1. 

2 House, D. 131, R. 150, 

Readj.2, Nationals 10. 




Outlines of United States History. 

Republic. 
3 8 Reduction of the National Debt. 
4 8 Abolition of Polygamy — Equal protection to 

all citizens. 
3 7 Situation. 
I 8 Senatorial "Dead Lock". 

2 8 "Senatorial Courtesy" — Conkling-Blaine epi- 
sode. 

3 8 Further development of Stalwarts and Half- 

Breeds, New York. 
4 8 "Regulars" and "Independents", Pa. 
5 8 "Continentals" and "Wolfe Men". 
6 8 "Readjusters" and "Bourbons", Virginia. 
4 7 Committee of One Hundred — Opposition to 
"Bossism". 

5 7 Star Route Frauds investigated and punished. 
6 7 Assassination of Garfield by Guiteau, July 2, 
1881. 

7 7 1881, Sept. 19, Garfield died after an illness of 
80 days. 

8 7 Inauguration of Arthur and selection of a new 
Cabinet. 

9 7 Anti-Polygamy Bill of Edmunds. 

io 7 Tariff Commission created. 

11 7 Extension of National Banking System. 

12 7 1882 — Restriction of Chinese Immigration 

for ten years. 
13 7 Pan American Congress proposed by Blaine. 
14 7 Blair Educational Bill defeated. 
2 6 Miscellaneous. 
i 7 Celebration of Centennial at Yorktown. 
2 7 Cotton Exposition at Atlanta, Ga. 
3 7 Trial and execution of Guiteau. 
4 7 Brooklyn Bridge and Northern Pacific Railroad 



Outlines of United States History. 117 



completed. 

5 7 Reduction of postage to 2 cents and introduc- 
tion of Postal Notes. 

6 7 Standard Time adopted. 

7 7 Geneva Convention — "Red Cross Society".- 

8 7 Alaska granted a territorial government. 

9 7 Floods on the Ohio and Mississippi, 1882 and 
1884. 

IO 7 Cincinnati Riots, 1884. 

11 7 1884 — Cotton Centennial Exposition at New 
Orleans. 

I s Opened by President Arthur in winter of 1884. 
2 s Previous Expositions — Atlanta (1881), St 

Louis (1883). 
3 8 Largest in the World — Buildings covered 75 

acres. 

4 8 Showed New Orleans the largest Cotton Mar- 
ket in the World. 
5 8 The "New South" a marvel of prosperity. 
I 9 Growth of Manufactures. 
i 10 Thousands of New Enterprises. 
2 10 Immense receipts from Mining industry 
alone. 

3 10 Marvelous growth of cities. 
2 9 Prosperity of the South wonderful. 
I 10 South in i860 produced less than 4,000,000 

bales of cotton. 
2 10 South in 1890 produced more than 8,000,- 
000 bales of cotton. 
3 9 Education. 
i 10 Schools free to all classes, but separate. 
2 10 Attention to Higher Education. 
I 11 1882, Tulane gave over $1,000,000 to Lou- 
isiana for education. 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 n Vanderbilt founded and endowed Univer- 
sity at Nashville. 

3 11 Peabody gave $3,500,000 for education in 
the South. 

4 11 Slater gave $10,000,000 for education of 
Freedmen. 

5 11 South appropriates liberally for her edu- 
cation. 
4 9 Secret of growth. 

I 10 Release from the thralldom of Aristocracy 

and Slavery. 
2 10 Inflow of Northern Capital and Enterprise. 
12 7 Deaths — Weed, Simpson, Phillips, Colfax, 
Emerson, Longfellow and Stephens. 
3 6 Campaign of 1884. 
I 7 Conventions and nominations. 
i 8 Republican — June, 1884, Chicago — Blaine and 
Logan. 

i 9 Candidates — Blaine, Arthur, Sherman, Ed- 
munds, Logan and Hawley. 
2 8 Democrat — July, 1884, Chicago — Cleveland 
and Hendricks. 

I 9 Candidates — Bayard, Cleveland, McDonald, 
Carlisle, Thurman, Randall and Hoadley. 
3 ? Prohibition— July, 1884, Pittsburg— St. John 

and Daniels. 
4 8 Anti-Monopolists — Benj. F. Butler. 
5 8 Greenback — Chicago, Benj. F. Butler. 
2 7 Platforms — similar to those of 1880. 
3 7 Result — vote. 
I 8 Popular — D. 1,911,017, R. 4,848,334, G. 133,- 

825, P. 151,809. 
2 8 Electoral — D. 219, R. 182. 



Outlines of United States History. 119 



« A 4.U r* \ 1 Senate R. 42, D. 34. | * 

3849th Congress I 2 House R ^ |* 

^Carlisle of Kentucky, speaker. 

4 GROVER CLEVELAND and T. A. Hendricks, 
1885-89. 

5 Events. 

I 6 Political. 

1 7 Advisers — Bayard, Lamar, Vilas, Garland, 

Manning and Whitney. 
2 7 Policy — Advanced position on Silver, Tariff 

and Civil Service. 
3 7 Conflict between President and Senate over 

Removals. 
4 7 Presidential Succession Law. 
i 8 Secretary of State, Treasury, War, Attorney 
General, Postmaster General, etc. 
5 7 Blair Educational Bill and Dependent Pension 

Bill defeated. 
6 7 Morrison Tariff Bill — Drift toward Free Trade. 
7 7 Cleveland's exercise of Veto Power — 128 bills 

vetoed. 

8 7 Disfranchisement of Mormons. 
9 7 Inter-State Commerce Law. 
io 7 Mexican Soldiers pensioned. 
11 7 1887, Electoral Act— Contested count left to 
States. 

12 7 Tenure of Office Law repealed. 
13 7 Fishery Dispute — Retaliation Measure. 
14 7 Mills Bill passed the House, defeated in the 
Senate. 

15 7 Conflict between Senate and House — Political. 
16 7 Exclusion Bill. 

17 7 50th Congress in session 321 days — longest 
on record. 



120 



Outlines 



of United States History. 



2 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Statue of Liberty presented by France. 
2 7 Labor Troubles. 

I 8 Labor Organizations — Trades Unions. 

2 8 Boycott — Black Lists. 

3 9 Strikes and Chicago Anarchists. 

4 s Evolution of Trusts. 
3 7 Nicaragua Canal project. 
4 7 Charleston Earthquake. 
5 7 -Western Blizzards. 
6 7 Deaths. 

I 8 1885 — Grant, McClellan, Hendricks, Vander- 

bilt and Toombs. 
2 s 1886 — Hancock, Seymour, Gough, Tilden, 

Arthur and Logan. 
3 8 1887 — Beecher, Moody, Finch. 
4 8 1888— Waite, Sheridan. 
3 6 Campaign of 1888. 
I 7 Conventions and nominations. 
I 8 Democratic — St. Louis — Cleveland and Thur- 

man. 

2 8 Republican — Chicago — Harrison and Morton. 
i 9 Candidates — Sherman, Depew, Phelps, 
Gresham, Alger, Harrison and Allison. 
3 8 Prohibition — Indianopolis — Fisk and Brooks. 
4 8 Union-Labor — Cowdry and Wakefield. 
5 8 Greenback and Labor Reformers — Streeter 

and Cummings. 
6 8 American — James L. Curtis and Green. 
7 8 Woman Suffrage — Belva A. Lockwood. 
2 7 Platform of Resolutions. 
i 8 Democrat. 
I 9 Reaffirmed that of 1884. 

2 9 Endorsed Cleveland's Policy and Adminis- 



Outlines of United States History. 



121 



tration. 

3 9 Arraigned the Republican Party and policy. 
4 9 Pronounced against Trusts and in favor of . 

Civil Service Reform. 
2 8 Republican. 
I 9 Honor to the memory of her recent dead. 
2 9 Indissoluble Union of States — Freedom to 

all Citizens. 

3 9 Free Ballot the basis of Republican Govern- 
ment. 

4 9 Adherence to American System — Protection. 
5 9 Opposed Chinese Labor, Trusts and Polyga- 
my. 

6 9 Gold and Silver Currency — Postage to one 
cent per ounce. 

7 9 Free Schools and improvement of Navy, 
Harbors and Coasts. 
3 8 Prohibition. 

i 9 Manufacture of Alcoholic beverages a crime 
and punishable. 

2 9 National Prohibition through Amendment. 

3 9 License or Taxation contrary to good Gov- 
ernment. 

4 9 Party that sanctions either becomes a party 
to it. 

5 9 Arraignment of old Parties. 
6 9 Repeal of Internal Revenue System. 
7 9 Change in Revenue basis. 
8 9 Ten other resolutions on various subjects. 
3 7 Issue — Tariff vs Free Trade. 
4 7 Sackville West Episode. 
5 7 Result — vote. 
i 8 Popular— R. 5,438,157. D - 5»535»625, P. 250,157, 
L. 150,624. 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 8 Electoral — R. 2 



33, D. 168. 

( i Senate R. 45, D. 39. j * 
( 2 House R. 169, D. 161. j 



3 8 51st Congress - 



* Reed, speaker. 



BENJAMIN HARRISON and Levi P. Morton, 
1889 to — * 
Events. 
6 Political. 

I 7 Advisers — Blaine, Windom, Proctor, Tracy 

Noble, Miller, Wanamaker and Rusk. 
2 7 Policy— Conservative, clear and comprehen- 



3 7 Samoan adjustment by William Walter Phelps. 

4 7 Parliamentary Reform — Reed's Ruling. 

5 7 Windom's Silver Bill — Free Coinage defeated. 

6 7 Federal Election Bill defeated. 

f McKinley Bill became a Law. 

8 7 Disability Pension Law. 

9 7 Six new ships added to the Navy. 

io 7 Anti-Lottery Law. 

n 7 Original Package Decision. 

12 7 Six States admitted. 

I 8 1889 — North and South Dakota, Montana, 

Washington; 1890 — Wyoming and Idaho. 
13 7 Apportionment Bill passed. 

I s Basis — 173,901. 

2 8 Representatives — 356. 

3 8 Electoral vote — 444. 
14 7 Two Important Congresses. 

i 8 International Maritime Congress at Washing- 



i 9 Twenty-six Nations represented. 
2 9 Code of Signals adopted and paths of ocean 
steamers. 



sive. 



ton.' 



Outlines of United States History. 



123 



2 s Pan-American Congress. 
I 9 Countries represented, 18; Representatives, 

66. 

2 9 Congress visited all commercial sections of 
United States. 

3 9 Went into session at Washington — Recom- 
mendations. 

i 10 Government to subsidize Ship-Lines be- 
tween North and South America. 

2 10 Government to project Central Railroad 
Route. 

3 10 All difficulties to be settled by Arbi- 
tration. 

15 7 Reciprocity with American countries pro- 
posed. 

I s Effected with Brazil, Spain, Cuba and Germany. 

16 7 President's Southern and Western trip. 

I 8 Developed remarkable oratorical power. 

^ 1 n ( 1 Senate — undecided. 

17' 52nd Congress „ u „ - id 00 a 

' D to ( 2 House, D. 235, R. 88, A. 9. 

18 7 Extradition Treaty with England. 
19 7 Blaine-Salisbury Controversy. 
3 6 Miscellaneous. 
I 7 Opening of the Oklahoma, April 22, 1890. 
I 8 Purchased by U. S. from the Indians. 
2 8 Guthrie the Capital — growth of Cities in the 
West. 
2 7 Centennials. , 
I 8 1887 — Anniversary of adoption of Constitu- 
tion. 

2 8 1888 — Anniversary of the settlement of Ohio. 
3 8 1889 — Anniversary of the Inauguration of 
Washington. 
3 7 Conemaugh Disaster. 



Outlines of United States History. 

i 8 Seven towns swept away. 
2 8 About 5,000 lives lost. 
4 Appropriations for 1891. 
I 8 Pensions, Si 13,300,000. 
2 8 Census, $8,000,000. 
3 8 Navy, $11,000,000. 
4 8 Harbor, $5,000,000. 

5 8 Refunding Direct tax of War, $15,000,000. 

6 8 General Expenses of Departments, nearly 

$800,000,000. 
5 7 Embargo on American Pork raised. 
6 7 The "Mafia" Episode. 
f Census of 1890, 62,480,540. 
8 7 Electrocution introduced. 

9 7 Deaths — Fremont, W. T. Sherman, Windom, 

Porter, Bancroft, Hamlin and Lowell. 
io 7 Columbian Exposition. 

I 8 Chicago, 1893. 

2 8 Largest of its kind ever held. 

3 8 Represented nearly every nation. 
II 7 1889-91, Great discussion over Revision of 

"Westminster Confessian of Faith". 
12 7 1 890- 1, Woman question in Methodist Church. 
13 7 1 891, Sioux Indian trouble. 
14 7 1891, International Copyright. 



Grouping of Events — Unity of 

Classification, 
government. 

3 Prior to the Revolution. 
I 4 Forms and distinctions. 
I 5 Royal — Adherence to the Crown. 
i 6 Governor, appointed by Crown with veto power. 
2 6 Council, appointed by Crown. 
3 6 House of Representatives, elected by the peo- 
ple. 

2 5 Charter — Instrument granted by Crown, securing 

self-government to the Colonies. 
3 5 Proprietary — Neutral. 
I 6 Power vested in the Proprietor. 
2 6 Proprietor usually adopted the representative 
plan. 

2 4 Movements toward Revolutionary Government. 

i 5 1765, Stamp Act Congress. 

2 5 1774-5, Massachusetts' Several Congresses. 

3 5 1774, First Continental Congress. 
! 3 During the Revolution — Revolutionary. 
I 4 Voluntary Union. 

i 5 1775 to 1781, Second Continental Congress. 

2 5 1781 to 1789, Articles of Confederation. 
; 3 Since the Revolution — Constitutional. 
I 4 1789 to 1801, Growth of Democracy. 



(125) 



6 Outlines of United States History. 



2 4 1801 to 18 16, Reign of Democracy. 

3 4 1 8 16 to 1829, Expansion of Nationality. 

4 4 1829 to 1846, Increase of wealth. 

5 4 1846 to i860, Steps toward dissolution. 

6 4 i860 to 1865, Civil War. 

7 4 1865 to 1881, Reconstruction and Resumption. 
8 4 1 88 1 to 1 89 1, International Expansion. 
2 2 ACQUISITION OF TERRITORY. 
I 3 1783, 13 Colonies, $80,000,000, 28 cents per acre, 

England — Conquest. 
2 3 1803, Louisiana $15,000,000, 2 cents per acre, 

France — Purchase. 
3 3 1 8 19, Florida, $5,000,000, 12 cents per acre, Spain 
— Purchase. 

4 3 1829, Western Territory, $27,000,000, 32 cents per 

acre, Indians — Purchase. 
5 s 1845, Texas, $10,000,000, 4 cents per acre, Texas 

— Annexation. 
6 3 1846, Oregon — Occupancy. 

7 3 1848, Mexican Cessions, $160,000,000, Mexico — 
Conquest. 

8 3 1850, California, $15,000,000, 4 cents per acre, Mex- 
ico — Purchase. 

9 3 1853, Gadsden, $10,000,000, Mexico — Purchase. 

10 3 1867, Alaska, $7,200,000, 2 cents per acre, Russia 
— Purchase. 
f GREAT STATE PAPERS, 

I 3 1774, Declaration of Rights by the Continental 
Congress. 

2 3 1776, Declaration of Independence. 

3 3 1787, Ordinance of 1787. 

4 3 1787, Constitution of the U. S. 

5 3 1790, Hamilton's Financial Report. 

6 3 1796, Washington's Farewell Address. 



Outlines of United States History. 



127 



7 3 1823, Monroe Doctrine with Washington's Neutral- 
ity — Foreign Policy. 

8 3 1830, Webster's Reply to Hayne. 

9 3 1832, Jackson's Message to South Carolina — Liv- 
ingstone. 

io 3 1845, Sumner's True Grandeur of Nations. 
11 3 1 861 , Lincoln's First Inaugural. 
12 3 1 86 1, War for the Union, by Wendell Phillips. 
13 3 1863, Emancipation Proclamation. 
14 3 1876, Centennial Oration, by R. C. Winthrop. 
15 3 Blaine's Letter of Acceptance. 
4 3 TREATIES IMPORTANT TO U. S. 
I 3 1697, Ryswick, Closed King William's War. 
2 3 1 7 1 3, Utrecht, Closed Queen' Anne's War. 
3 3 1748, Aix la Chapelle, Closed King George's War. 
4 3 1763, Paris, Closed French and Indian War. 
5 3 1783, Paris, Closed Revolutionary War. 
6 3 1800, San Ildefonso, Spain ceded La. to France. 
7 3 1803, Napoleon, France ceded La. to U. S. 
8 3 1814, Ghent, Closed War of 1812. 
9 3 1842, Webster-Ashburton, settled Boundary and 

Right of Search. 
io 3 1848, Guadalupe-Hidalgo, Closed Mexican War. 
11 3 1854, Japan, opened the East to the Commercial 
World. 

12 3 1868, Burlingame, opened China to U. S. 
5 a TWENTY-FIVE IMPORTANT DATES IN U. S. 
HISTORY. 

I 3 1492, New World discovered by Columbus. 

2 3 1606-7, Charter for and settlement of Virginia. 

3 3 1620, Puritans settle Massachusetts. 

4 3 1664, England controls the Atlantic Coast. 

5 3 1759, England controls French in America. 

6 3 1776, Colonists declare themselves independent. 



128 Outlines of United States History. 



7 3 !7^3» Independence recognized by England. 

8 3 1787-9, Constitutional Government inaugurated. 

9 3 1793, Cotton Gin invented. 

ig 3 1803, Louisiana secured to the U. S. 

11 3 1807, Steamboat invented. 

12 3 1812-14, War of 1812, and disruption of Federalist 
Party. 

13 3 18 19, Successful Transatlantic communication. 
14 3 1820, Missouri Compromise. 
15 3 1823, Our Foreign Policy announced. 
16 3 1833, Nominating Conventions introduced. 
17 3 1844, Successful Telegraphic communication. 
18 3 1845, Annexation of Texas and growth of Aboli- 
tion Movement.' 
19 3 1850, Compromise of 1850, and fall of Whig Party. 
20 3 1854, Formation of the Republican Party. 
2 1 3 1861-5, War, Emancipation and Surrender of Lee. 
22 3 1869, Trans-Continental Railroad completed. 
2 3 3 I §79» Resumption of Specie Payments. 
24 s 1889, Pan-American Congress. 
25 s 1891, Reciprocity. 
6- CASES OF IMPEACHMENT IN OUR HIS- 
TORY. 

I 3 1798, Senator Blount of Term. — Usurpation of pow- 
er. 

2 3 1803, Judge Pickering of N. H. — Intemperance; 
convicted. 

3 3 1804, Judge Samuel Chase — Partiality. 
4 3 1830, Judge Peck of Mo. — Abuse of power. 
5 3 1862, Judge Humphreys of Tenn. — Disloyalty; con- 
victed. 

6 3 1868, President Johnson of Tenn. — Removal of 
Stanton. 

7 3 1876, Secretary Belknap of Iowa — Bribery. 



Outlines of ILnited States History. 



129 



f HISTORICAL DUELS. 

I 3 Burr and Hamilton. 

2 3 Clay and John Randolph. 

3 3 Decatur and Barren. 

4 3 Andrew Jackson and Dickenson. 

5 3 Broderick and Terry. 

6 3 Clay and Humphrey Marshall. 
8- EARLY COLLEGES. 

I 3 1638, Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. 

2 3 1693-4, William and Mary, Williamsburg, Va. 

3 3 1702, Yale, New Haven, Conn. 

4 3 1746, Princeton, Princeton, N.J. 

5 3 1749, Pennsylvania University, Philadelphia, Pa. 

6 3 1754, Columbia, New York, N. Y. 

7 3 1764, Brown University, Providence, R. L 

8 3 1769, Dartmouth, Hanover, N. H. 

9 3 1770, Rutgers, Brunswick-, N. J. 

io 3 1775, Hampden-Sidney, Prince Edward Co., Va. 
9 2 PRESIDENT'S CABINET; ITS ORGANIZA- 
TION. 

I 3 1789, Secretary of State, Thos. Jefferson, 

Anti-Fed. Ap- 

2 3 1789, Secretary of Treasury, Alexander point- 
Hamilton, Fed. i ed 

3 3 1789, Secretary of War, Henry Knox, Fed. ' by 

4 3 1789, Attorney General, Edmund Ran- Wash- 
dolph, Anti-Fed. ington. 

5 3 1789, Postmaster General, Samuel Osgood. 
1 4 1829, Made a separate Department, W. T. Barry — 
Jackson. 

6 3 1798, Secretary of Navy, Benj. Stoddard — Adams. 
7 3 1849, Secretary of Interior, Thos. Ewing — Taylor. 
8 3 1889, Secretary of Agriculture, Jeremiah Rusk — 
Harrison. 



130 Outlines of United States History. 



jo 2 VACANCIES. 
I 3 Executive — Presidents. 

I 4 1 841, Win. H. Harrison; filled by John Tyler. 

2 4 1850, Zachary Taylor; filled by M. Fillmore. 

3 4 1865, Abraham Lincoln; filled by A. Johnson. 

4 4 1881, James A. Garfield; filled by C. A. Arthur. 
2 3 Vice Presidents. 

i 4 George Clinton; filled by W. PI. Crawford. 

2 4 Elbridge Gerry; filled by John Galliard. 

3 4 John C. Calhoun; filled by H. L. White. 

4 4 John Tyler; filled by Southard and Magnum. 

5 4 Millard Fillmore; filled by William R. King. 

6 4 William R. King; by Atchison and Bright. 

7 4 Andrew Johnson; filled by Foster and Wade. 

8 4 Henry Wilson; filled by T. W. Ferry. 

9 4 C. A. Arthur; filled by Davis and Edmunds. 

io 4 T. A. Hendricks; filled by Sherman and Ingalls. 
3 3 Presidential vacancies caused by Death. 
4 3 Vice Presidential vacancies caused by, 

I 4 Death — Clinton, Gerry, King, Wilson and Hend- 
ricks. 

2 4 Resignation — John C. Calhoun. 
3 4 Assuming Presidency — Tyler, Fillmore, Johnson 
and Arthur. 
11 2 NAVY YARDS OF THE U. S. 
I 3 Mare Island, California. 
2 3 Portsmouth, New Hampshire. 
3 3 Boston, Massachusetts. 
4 3 Brooklyn, New York. 
5 3 New London, Connecticut. 
6 3 Washington, D. C. 
7 3 Norfolk, Virginia. 
8 3 League Island, Pennsylvania. 
9 3 Pensacola, Florida. 



Outlines of United States History 



2 s MINTS IN THE UNITED STATES. 
I 8 Philadelphia, Washington, New Orleans, Carson 
City, San Francisco and Denver. 

3 2 FINANCIAL CRISES. 

l* 1819, Result of War of 1812 and general depression. 
2 ?> 1837, Wild Speculation in land, Specie Circular and 
change of taxation in 1833. 

3 3 1857, Change of taxation question. 

4 ;} 1873, Result of Civil War, and adventures of Bank- 
ers and Railroad Kings. 

4 2 HISTORY OF BANKING IN THE U. S. 
I 3 1781, Bank of North America. 

2 3 1 79 U Bank of United States. 
I 4 Chartered for ten years, with privilege of twenty. 
2 4 Capital, $10,000,000. 
3 4 181 1, failure of Congress to recharter. 
4 4 Result— depression of business. 
3 3 18 16, First National Bank. 
i 4 Chartered for twenty years. 
2 4 Capital, $35,000,000. 
3 4 1832, Jackson begun his opposition. 
I 5 Continued to attack it in every Message. 
2 5 Recommends a cessation of deposits. 
3 5 Investigated its solvency. 
4 4 1832, Bill to recharter passed but vetoed. 
5 4 1833, Jackson ordered Public Moneys removed to 

eighty-nine State Banks. 
6 4 1835, Sub-Treasury scheme failed, State Bank sys- 
tem prevailed. 
7* 1840, Independent Treasury scheme successful. 

4 3 State Banks, "Pet Banks," "Wild-cat Banking". 
5 3 1863, National Banks. 

I 4 Conditions. 
I 5 Not less than five persons. 



132 Outlines of United States History. 

2 5 Capital not less than $50,000. 
3 5 Depends upon the existence of a NationalDebt 
4 5 90 per cent, of amount deposited can be issued. 
5 5 Amount of issuance in 1865, $500,000,000. 
2 4 Kinds of Currency in Circulation. 
I 5 Coin — Gold and Silver. 
2 5 Bank Notes — Mixed Currency. 
3 5 Greenbacks or Credit Currency. 
4 5 Mercantile Paper. 

3 4 1886, Number of National Banks, 2,852. 
4 4 1886, Circulation, $230,000,000. 
15 2 HISTORY OF TAXATION QUESTION IN 
UNITED STATES. 
I 3 Kinds. 
1 4 Direct. 
I 5 1798, During trouble with France. 
2 5 1813, '15 and '16, During War of 1812. 
3 5 1861, During Civil War. 
2 4 Indirect. 
1 5 Internal Revenue. 
I 6 Duties on Liquors, Tobacco, Stamps, etc. 
2 6 Source of great Revenue. 
2 5 Duties on Imports — Tariff. 
I 6 1789, Protective System inaugurated in Pa. 
I 7 Objects. 

I 8 Protection to Manufactures, and Revenue. 
2 6 1812, Duties of 1789 doubled to meet the War. 

I 7 Result — Built up New England Manufactures. 
3 6 1816, "Moderately Protective". 

I 7 Clay, the real author of Protection. 

2 7 Webster opposed it and favored Free Trade. 

3 7 Calhoun favored Protection. 
4 6 1824, "American System," Increase of duties. 

I 7 Supporters. 



Outlines of United States History. 133 



i 8 Clay, Buchanan, Wright, Van Buren, Benton, 
and later, Webster. 
2 7 Opposers. 
I 8 Calhoun and New England Statesmen. 
5 6 1828, "Bill of Abominations," greater increase. 
I 7 Exchange of views of Statesmen. 
i 8 North and New England favored the system. 
2 8 South opposed it. 
2 7 Result. 

i 8 Feud between Jackson and Calhoun. 
2 8 Sectional Strife. 
3 8 Nullification. 
6 6 1833, Compromise of Clay. 
I 7 Gradual reduction by sliding scale. 
2 7 Duties above twenty per cent, reduced in ten 
years. 

3 7 Aided the Financial Crisis of 1837. 
4 7 Result — loss of election to the Democrats in 
1840. 

7 6 1842, Revival of the Protective System. 

I 7 Both Parties supported it in 1844. 
8 6 1846, "Walker Tariff". 
i 7 Abandoned the System and Platform of 1844. 
2 7 Provisions. 
i 8 Revenue for government expenses. 
2 8 No rate above what will yield largest revenue. 
3 8 Maximum duties on luxuries. 
4 8 Ad Valorem System adopted. 
5 8 No discriminating duties. 
6 8 Gradual descent to Free Trade. 
3 7 Result — repeal of Tariff of 1842 and defeat of 
Democratic Party in 1848. 
9 6 1856, Democratic Party pronounced for Free 
Trade. 



134 Outlines of United States History. 



io 6 1861, Present System begun. Morrill Tariff. 
1 7 Duties raised to 32 per cent, in 1862. 
2 7 Duties raised to 49 per cent, in 1864. 
3 7 Continual discussion from 1867 to 1891. 
4 7 Bills proposed by Morrison, Mills and McKin- 
ley. 

5 7 1890, McKinley Bill becomes a law. 
II 6 Phases of the question. 
I 7 Free Trade, absolute — No Party favors it. 
2 7 Tariff for Revenue only — Democratic idea. 
3 7 Tariff for Revenue with Incidental Protection. 
4 7 Tariff for Protection — Republican idea. 
16 2 HISTORY OF THE SLAVERY QUESTION IN 
UNITED STATES. 
I 3 Conditions favorable to the System. 
1 4 Punishment of Convicts in the Old World. 
2 4 Prevalence of Slave Trade in the 15th Century. 
3 4 Natural conditions in New World. 
I 5 Climate and Course of Rivers. 
2 5 Natural Resources and Productions. 
2 3 Colonial Servitude. 
i 4 Indians kidnapped and enslaved by, 

I 5 Spanish and Portugese in 16th Century. 
2 4 Negro Slavery. 
i 5 Spain at St. Augustine. 
2 5 England. 
i 6 16 19, Virginia — Twenty Slaves. 
2 6 1637, New England. 

3 6 1 71 2, Slave trade enhanced by Corporation. 
3 5 Holland. 
i 6 1626, Introduced into New York. 
2 6 1741, Negro Plot. 
3 4 English Slavery. 
I 5 Convicts and Ex-Convicts at Jamestown. 



Outlines of United States History. 



135 



3 3 Status of Slavery at the Revolution. 
1 4 North — Gradual abolition in seven Northern 
States. 

I 5 Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, New 
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Connecticut and Rhode 
Island. 

2 4 South — Six States held Slaves. 
I 5 Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, 
South Carolina and Georgia. 
3 4 Cause of different Systems of labor. 
1 5 Natural — Climate, resource and productions. 
4 3 Status since the Revolution. 
1 4 Compromises in the Constitution. 
I 5 Three-fifths representation and Capitation tax. 
2 5 Fugitive Slave provision. 
3 5 Slave Importation up to 1808. 
2 4 Conflict for National Control. 
i 5 Advantages of the Free over the Slave States. 
I 6 Occupation. 
I 7 North — Various; invited great immigration. 
2 7 South — Agriculture; slow immigration. 
2 6 System of labor, same effect. 
2 5 Increase of Population gave North control of 
House of Representatives. 
i 6 Population and Representatives. 

I 7 I7Q0-S 1 North — 1,970,000; 57 representatives. 

\ 2 South — 1,961,000; 53 representatives. 

2 7 1800 I 1 North — 2,685,000; 77 representatives. 

I 2 South — 2,621,000; 65 representatives. 

3 7 i8io! 1 North — 3,759,000; 104 representatives. 
^ {2 South — 3,481,000; 79 representatives. 

7 jg 20 j 1 North — 5,132,000; 133 representatives. 
(2 South — 4,522,000; 90 representatives. 
2 6 Result — Struggle to preserve equilibrium in the 
Senate. 



Outlines of United States History. 

3 5 Contest for the Senate — Admissions. 
I 6 1789 — Seven Free States; Six Slave States. 



1 791 


Vermont. 




1792 




Kentucky. 


1796 


• 


Tennessee. 


1803 


Ohio. 




1812 




Louisiana. 


1816 


Indiana. 




1817 




Mississippi. 


1818 


Illinois. 




1819 




Alabama. 


1820 


Maine. 




1821 




Missouri. 



2 6 1 82 1, Twelve Free and twelve Slave States. 
4 5 1820, Missouri Compromise. 
5 5 1835, Anti-Slavery Society organized. 
6 5 1845, Annexation of Texas. 
7 5 Calhoun and Atherton "Gag Resolutions". 
8 5 1846-48, Mexican War. 

9 5 1846, Oregon question and Wilmot Proviso. 

io 5 1835-50, Growth of Abolition Party. 

11 5 1848, Hunkers and Barnburners. 

12 5 1850, Compromise — Omnibus Bill. 

13 5 Suppression of Abolition Literature. 

14 5 Abolition Orators and Editors Mobbed. 

15 5 1850, Publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin". 

16 5 1854, Kansas-Nebraska Bill, by Douglas. 

17 5 1856, Sumner Assaulted by Brooks, (1837) 

Lovejoy shot. 
18 5 1857, Dred Scott Decision. 

19 5 1854-60, Formation of the Republican Party and 

Personal Liberty Organizations. 
20 5 1859, John Brown's Raid. 
21 5 i860, Election of Republican Candidate. 



Outlines of United States History. 137 



22 5 1 861 , Anti-Slaver) 7 decrees. 

I 6 Butler pronounced Slaves Contraband. 

2 6 Fremont emancipated them in West by Mili- 
tary Proclamation. 

3 6 Congress declared slaves in Confederate service 
free. 

23 5 1862, Slavery restriction. 
I 6 Prohibited in the Territories. 
2 6 Slave Trade prohibited in D. C. 
3 6 Fugitive Slave Law repealed. 
24 5 1863, Emancipation Proclamation of Lincoln. 
25 s 1865, Thirteenth Amendment abolished Slavery. 
5 3 1865, 4,000,000 slaves were freed. 
6 3 Result — Race Problem. 
i 4 Fourteenth Amendment — Citizenship. 
2 4 Fifteenth Amendment — Suffrage. 
3 4 Colored man a political factor. 
l 5 In eight States a colored man for every white 
man in 1890. 

2 5 In three, S. C, La. and Miss. — A more colored 

than white. 
3 5 Representatives in National Congress. 
I 6 Senate — Hiram Revels and B. K. Bruce of Miss. 
2 6 House — Rainey of S. C, Lynch of Miss, and 
Rapier. 

4 5 Advancement, marvelous in every sense. 
5 5 Prominence of Race Question — Methods. 
I 6 Education — Most probable. 
2 6 Colonization — Hardly practicable. 
3 6 Amalgamation — May be ultimate result. (?) 
4 6 Extermination — None claim such. 
4 4 1868, Civil Rights Bill passed. 
5 4 1870, Ku Klux Klan or Force Bill passed. 
6 4 1890, Federal Election Bill defeated. 



38 



Outlines of United States History. 



7 4 "Solid South," and a Divided North — Sectional. 
if 2 DISTINGUISHED AMERICANS SINCE 1776. 
i 3 Diplomats. 

I 4 Franklin, Pinckney, Jay, J. O. Adams, Webster, 
Seward, C. F. Adams, Fish and Blaine. 
2 3 Financiers. 
i 4 Morris, Hamilton, Gallatin, Dallas, Chase and 
Sherman. 
3 8 Orators. 

I 4 Henry, Otis, Sam. Adams, Ames, Webster, Clay, 
Calhoun, Everett, Seward, Sumner, Choate, Phil- 
lips, Winthrop, Curtis, Depew and Dougherty. 
4 3 Jurists. 

i 4 Chief — Jay, Ellsworth, Marshall, Taney, Chase, 

Waite and Fuller. 
2 4 Associate — Story, McLean, Curtiss, Davis, Field, 

Matthews, Harlem and Bradley — 47 in all. 
5 3 Historians. 

I 4 Bancroft, Hildreth, Motley, Prescott, Sparks, 
Parkman, Lossing and Ridpath. 
6 3 Biographers. 

i 4 Abbott, Parton, Irving, Lodge and Morse. 
7 3 Travellers. 

i 4 Taylor, Kane, Hall, Wilkes, Livingstone, Stanley 
and Schuyler. 
8 3 Essayists. 

i 4 Emerson, Whipple, Dana, Stedman and Holland. 
9 3 Party Leaders. 
i 4 Jefferson, Clinton, Gerry, Crawford, Clay, Benton, 
Van Buren, Conkling, Blaine, Cleveland and Wat- 
terson. 
io 3 Journalists. 
i 4 Greely, Bonner, Dana, Bryant, Raymond, Curtis, 
Bennett, Bowen and Grady. 



Outlines of United States History. 139 
1 1 3 Ministers. 

I 4 Edwards, Charming, Parker, Wayland, Beecher, 
Taylor, Hall, Brooks, Talmage, Abbott and Moody. 
12 3 Lecturers. 
i 4 Cook, Ingersoll, Conwell, Vincent, Gunsaulus, 
Phillips, Emerson and Everett. 
1 3 3 Teachers. 

I 4 Mann, Hopkins, Agassiz, McCosh, Porter, Hins- 
dale, Harris and White. 
14 3 Philanthropists. 
I 4 Peabody, Slater, Tulane, Drexel, Williamson, 
Girard, Stanley and Stanford. 
15 3 Poets. 

i 4 Poe, Bryant, Longfellow, Lowell, Whittier, 
Holmes, Stoddard, Emerson and Walt Whitman. 
16 3 Literary Critics. 
i 4 Higginson, Thompson, Richardson, Stoddard and 
Massachusetts Poets. 
17 3 Novelists. 

i 4 Irving, Cooper, Hawthorne, How'ells, Aldrich, 

James, Warner, Thoreau, Harte and Cable. 
18 3 Humorists. 
i 4 Mark Twain (Clemens), Nasby (Locke), Josh Bil- 
lings (Shaw), Artemus Ward (Browne), Biglow 
(Lowell) and Mrs. Partington (Shillaber). 
19 3 Painters. 

I 4 West, Copley, Stuart, Peale, Trumbull and Allston. 
20 3 Sculptors. 

I 4 Powers, Hart, Hosmer and Greenough. 
2 1 3 Inventors. 

i 4 Whitney, Fulton, Wood, Morse, Howe, Goodyear, 
McCormick, Eades, Bell, Edison and Hoe. 
22 3 Generals. 

i 4 Grant, Sherman and Sheridan. 



40 



Outlines of United States History. 



23 s Lieutenant Generals. 

1 4 Washington, Scott, Grant, Sherman and Sheridan. 
18 2 DISTINGUISHED WOMEN IN HISTORY. 
I 3 Poets — J. W. Howe, the Careys, and Celia Thaxter. 
2 3 Novelists— Stowe, Alcott, Phelps and Murfree. 
3 3 Teachers — Peabody, Catherine Beecher and Mary 
Lyon. 

4 3 Artists — May Alcott, Lilly Spencer and Harriet 
Hosmer. 

5 3 Philanthropists — Maria Chapman, Kate Moore and 
Lydia Child. 

6 3 Lecturers — Mary Livermore, Frances Willard and 

Anna Dickenson. 
7 3 Ministers — Phebe Hanaford, Antoinette Blackwell, 

Maggie Van Cott and Ada Bowles. 
8 3 Journalists — Paulina Davis, Amelia Blummer, Mrs. 

Nicholson and Mrs. Leslie. 
9 3 Historians — Martha Lamb, Hannah Adams and 

Alice Baker. 

10 3 Reformers — Susan Anthony, Ellen Foster, Lucy 

Stone and E. Stanton. 
1 1 3 Actresses — Kellogg, Cushman, Mitchell, Foss, 

Cowell and Diehl. 
12 3 Women of Society — Martha Randolph, Mrs. Van 

Buren, Harriet Lane, Hannah Winthrop and Aba- 

gail Adams. 

13 3 Lawyers — Belva Lock wood, Myra Bradwell and 
Clara Nash. 

14 3 Noted Women — Martha Washington, Abigail Ad- 
ams, Lucretia Mott, Sarah Bolton, Eliza Thompson, 
Annie Wittenmyer, Mother Garfield and Lucy W. 
Hayes. 

19 2 DISTINGUISHED VISITORS. 
1 3 1797, Louis Phillippe, of France. 



Outlines of United States History. 



14 



2 3 1825, La Fayette, of France. 
3 3 1842, Charles Dickens, of England. 
4 3 Louis Kossuth, of Hungary. 
5 3 1872, Alexander, of Russia. 
6 3 1875, Kalakaua, of Sandwich Islands. 
7 3 Dom Pedro, of Brazil. 
20 2 CURIOUS NICKNAMES AND PHRASES. 
I 3 Silver Leg. Peter Stuyvesant. 
2 3 Lady Rebecca. Pocahontas. 
3 3 Romans of New World. Iroquois. 
4 3 Indian Apostle. John Elliott. 
5 3 Indian Fighter. Miles Standish. 
6 3 Forefathers' Rock. Plymouth Rock. 
7 3 Quaker King. William Penn. 
8 3 Lost Colony of Roanoke. Raleigh's. 
9 3 Father of his Country. Washington. 
io 3 Old Put. Israel Putnam. 
11 3 Colossus of Independence. John Adams. 
12 3 Sage of Monticello. Jefferson. 
13 3 Grand Model. Locke's scheme of government. 
14 3 Latter Day Saints. Mormons. 
15 3 Father of the Constitution. James Madison* 
16 3 Mill Boy of the Slashes. Clay. 
17 3 Old Man Eloquent. J. O. Adams. 
18 3 Old Hickory. Jackson. 
19 3 Sage of Kinderhook. Van Buren. 
20 3 Log Cabin Candidate. W. H. Harrison. 
21 3 Pillar of Washington's Administration. Ell 
worth. 

22 3 Young Hickory. James K. Polk. 
23 s Political Meteor of Congress. John Randolph. 
24 s Old Rough and Ready. Zachary Taylor. 
25 s Old Fuss and Feathers. Winfield Scott. 
26 3 Expounder of the Constitution. Webster. 



42 



Outlines of United States History. 



27 s Honest Abe. Lincoln. 

28 3 Little Giant. Stephen A. Douglas. 

29 s Father of Greenbacks. Chase. 

30 3 Father of Resumption. Sherman. 

3 1 3 Old Ossawattomie. John Brown. 

32 s Rock of Chicamauga. Thomas. 

33 s Fighting Joe. Hooker. 

34 3 Silent Man of Destiny. Grant. 

35 3 Irrepressible Conflict. Seward. 

36 s Great American Commoner. Thad. Stevens. 

37 3 Petroleum V. Nasby. D. R. Locke. 

38 s Canal Boy. Garfield. 

39 3 Wagoner Boy. Tom Corwin. 

40 3 Light Horse Harry. Henry Lee. 

41 3 Old Bullion. Thos.' H. Benton. 

42 s Young Napoleon. McClellan. 

43 3 Public Functionary. Buchanan. 

44 3 Pathfinder. John C. Fremont. 

45 3 Publius. Hamilton. 

46 s American Palladium. Charles Lee. 

47 s Common Sense. Thomas Paine. 

48 s Second War of Independence. 1812. 

49 3 Monroe Doctrine. 1823. 

50 3 Tory. Supporter of Colonial Dependence. 

5 1 3 Whig. Supporter of Colonial Independence. 

52 s Nullificationists. Followers of Calhoun. 

53 3 Step-Father of his Country. Washington by the 

Anti-Federalists. 
54 3 British Faction. Hamilton's friends in Cabinet of 

Adams. 

55 3 Midnight Judges. Appointed by Adams. 
56 s Yazoo Frauds. Western territory of Ga. 
57 3 Henry Affair. Pertaining to New England states 
in 1812. 



Outlines of United States History. 143 



58 s Man of the Town-Meeting. Sam. Adams. 
59 3 Natural Orator of the Republic. Patrick Henry. 
60 3 Sons of Liberty. Party for Independence. 
61 3 Minute Men. Revolutionary Soldiers. 
62 s Burrites. Followers of Burr after his defeat in 
1800. 

63 s Jacobin Clubs. Republican Clubs in 1793-1801. 

64 s Old Gerrymander. Elbridge Gerry. 

65 s Mad Anthony. Gen. Wayne. 

66 3 Great Nullifier. Calhoun. 

67 s Dark Horse President. Hayes. 

68 3 Plumed Knight. Blaine. 

6c/ Black Eagle of Illinois. Logan. 

70 3 Tall Sycamore of the Wabash. Vorhees. 

71 3 Teacher President. Garfield. 

72 s Stalwart President. Arthur. 

73" Reform President. Cleveland. 

74 3 Hero of the Alamo. David Crockett. 

75 3 Carolina Game Cock. Sumter. 

76 s Prince of American Letters. Irving. 

77 3 Expander of England. Washington. 

78 s Chaucer of America. Bryant. 

79 3 Old Roman. Allen G. Thurman. 

80 3 Strong Arm of Washington's Cabinet. Hamilton. 

81 3 Gentleman George. George H. Pendleton. 

82 3 Great Trio. Webster, Clay and Calhoun. 

83 s Conservatives. Democrats opposed to Sub-Treas- 
ury Law of Van Buren. 

.84 s Great Seal War. Contested seats in N. J. in 1839. 

85 s Great Law. Penn's Constitution for Pa. 

86 3 Regulars, or Red Coats. British soldiers. 

87 3 Yankees, Rebels and Provincials. Colonial sol- 
diers. 

88 8 Boys in Blue, or Yanks. Union soldiers. 



44 



Outlines of United States History. 



Sg 3 Boys in Gray, or Johnnies. Confederate soldiers. 
90 3 Particularists. Strict Constructionists. 
91 3 Strict Constructionists. Anti-Federalists or Dem- 
ocrats. 

92 s Loose Constructionists. Federalists, Whigs or 
Republicans. 

93 3 Doughfaces. Northern supporters of Southern 
policy. 

94 3 Copperheads, or Bourbons. Same as above. 
95 8 Quids. Followers of John Randolph. 
96 s Clintonians. Federal supporters of Clinton. 
97 2 Friends. Quakers. 

98 s Pilgrims, Separatists, Independents and Brown- 

ites. Settlers of Mass. 
99 3 Fifty-four Forty, or Fight. 1844. 
I00 3 Scalawags. Southern sympathizers with Carpet 
Baggers. 

101 3 Carpet Baggers. Northern men in the South 
seeking office. 

I02 3 Ku Klux Klan. Southern organization against 
Carpet Baggers (White League, Invisible Em- 
pire). 

103 3 Knights of the Golden Circle. Northern organ- 
izations opposed to the war. 

104 3 Buck Tails. Republicans in 1812. 

105 3 Silver Greys. Democratic supporters of Clay's 
Compromises. 

106 3 Snuff Takers. Same as above. 

107 3 Hunkers. Democrats opposed to Wilmot Pro- 
viso. 

108 3 Barnburners. Democrats favoring the Proviso. 
109 3 Locofocos. Democrats in Tammany Hall. 
1 io 3 Wooly Heads. Democratic opponents of Clay's 
Compromises. 



Outlines of United States History. 145 



in 3 Hard Shells. Democrats in 1850. 
1 12 3 Soft Shells. Same. 
1 1 3 3 Abolitionists. Opponents to slavery. 
H4 3 Free Soil Party. Successors of the Abolition 
Party. 

1 1 5 3 Filibusters. Organization against Cuba and 
Mexico. 

116 3 Fenians. Irish organization for the liberation of 



Ireland, 1867. 

H7 3 Clan nae gael. Irish organization, 1889. 

1 1 8 3 Squatter Sovereignty. Douglas's Popular Sover- 
eignty. 

1 19 3 Half Breeds. Followers of Blaine in N. Y. in 
1880. 

120 3 Stalwarts. Followers of Conkling in N. Y. in 
1880. 

121 3 Mugwumps. Independent Republicans in 1884. 
122 3 Spot Resolutions. Lincoln's resolutions on the 

Mexican War. 
123 3 Virginia Resolutions. Madison's State Rights 

resolutions. 

124 3 Kentucky Resolutions. Jefferson's State Rights 
resolutions. 

125 3 King Caucus. Nominating caucus, 1824-33. 

126 3 Franklin State. Western North Carolina or 

Tennessee. 
127 3 O Grab Me Act. 1807. 

128 3 Washington Benevolent Society. Opposition to 

War of 1812. 
129 3 Quasi War. War with France, 1800. 
130 3 X. Y. Z. Mission. Correspondence with France 

in 1797. 
131 3 Sugar Act, 1732. 
132 3 Flying Machine. Colonial Coach. 



46 



Outlines of United States History. 



133 3 Hub of the Universe. Boston. 
134 3 Cradle of Liberty. Faneuil Hall. 
1 3 5 3 Battle on the House Tops. Monterey. 
1 36 s Battle above the Clouds. Lookout Mountain. 
137 3 Two Eyes of History. Geography and Chronol- 
ogy. 

1 38 s National Llousekeeping. Lowell on Politics. 
139 3 White Apron Brigade. Bacon's Rebellion. 
140 3 Corporal Guard. Whig supporters of Tyler. 
141 3 Pocket Veto. Jackson first used this method. 
142 3 Palace in the Wilderness. Washington City. 
143 s Gibraltar of America. Quebec. 
144 3 Fulton's Folly. Steamboat. 
145 3 Steam Wagon. Locomotive. 

146 3 Crystal Palace. Exhibition building in New 

York, 1854. 
147 3 Poor Richard's Almanac. Franklin. 
148 3 Holy Experiment. Penn's Quaker Colony. 
149 3 Refrigerator of the United States. Alaska. 
150 3 Military Picnic. Sherman's March to the Sea. 
1 5 1 3 Old Abe. War Eagle, 

1 52 s Boy Cot, and Black Lists. Labor methods. 
1 53 s Visiting Statesmen. Electoral Commissioners. 
154 3 Kitchen Cabinet. Jackson's Cabinet in 1832. 
155 3 Rum, Romanism and Rebellion. 1884. 
1 56 3 Cabalistic figures, 7 and 8. Electoral Commis- 
sion. 

157 3 A little more grape, Captain Bragg. Taylor. 
158 3 Nothing but unconditional surrender. Grant. 
1 59 3 I am not worth purchasing, but such as I am 

England is not rich enough to buy. Reed. 
160 3 I only regret that I have but one life to give to 

my country. Hale. 
161 3 I will fight it out on this line if it takes all 



Outlines of United States History. 



147 



summer. Grant. 
162 3 I'll try sir. Miller at Lundy's Lane. 
163 3 To the victors belong the spoils. Marcy. 
164 3 Don't give up the ship. Lawrence. 
165 3 We have met the enemy and they are ours. 

Perry. 

166 3 Give me liberty or give me death. Patrick 
Henry. 

167 3 These united Colonies are and by right ought to 
be free and independent. Henry Lee. 

168 3 The Sun of American Liberty is set. Franklin. 

169 3 Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute. 
Pinckney. 

170 3 Friendship with all, entangling alliances with 

none. Monroe. 
171 3 If his soul were turned wrong side out there 

would not be found a spot on it. Jefferson on 

Monroe. 

172 3 I would rather be right than to be President. 
Clay. 

173 3 He serves his party best who serves best his 

country. Hayes. 
174 3 I would rather be defeated on a sound issue than 

elected on a false issue. Garfield. 
175 3 Public office is a public trust. Cleveland. 
176 3 I would rather go down in defeat than capitulate 

with the demagogue or surrender to dishonesty. 

McKinley. 

177 3 Our Federal Union; it must be preserved. Jack- 
son. 

1 78 s Liberty dearer than union. Calhoun. 
179 3 Let me die in my old American uniform in which 
I fought my battles. Arnold. 



Outlines of United States History. 

180 3 I must tie the bag and save the country. Jack- 
son. 

1 8 1 3 Liberty and Union now and forever, one and in- 
separable. Webster. 

182 3 God rules in the affairs of men. Garfield. 

1 83 s A* Government of the people, for the people and 
by the people. Lincoln. 

1 84 s Governments derive their just power from the 
consent of the governed. Jefferson. 

185 3 Liberty without obedience is confusion, and obe- 
dience without liberty is slavery. Penn. 

186 3 Let us raise a standard to which all men may re- 
pair. The hand of God is in it. Washington. 

i87 3 The commonwealth has no other strength than 
the intelligence and virtue of the individuals that 
compose it. Quincy. 

188 3 The virtues and victories of peace are far above 
the virtues and victories of war. Sumner. 

1 8c/ There is a law 7 of humanity more primitive and 
divine than the law of the land. Channing. 

190 3 I know but one section, one Union, one flag, one 
government. Dickinson. 

191 3 It is not power a nation fears to lose, but charac- 
ter. Phillips. 

192 3 He must fail who appeals to the cowardice of 
the American people. Schurz. 

193 3 I tremble for my country when I remember that 
God is just. Jefferson on Slavery. 

194 3 Remember we are one country now 7 . Bring up 
your children to be Americans. R. E. Lee. 

195 3 When the ermine of official robe fell upon him 
it touched nothing less spotless than itselL 
Webster on Jay. 



Outlines of United States History. 149 

196 3 Be sure you are right and then go ahead. 
Crockett. 

197 3 Government should not be changed for light and 

transient causes. Jefferson. 
198 3 Maxims instead of markets. Benj. Harrison. . 
199 3 Ask nothing but what is right; submit to nothing 

that is wrong. Jackson. 
200 3 A man's country is not a certain area of land, 

but a principle. G. W. Curtis. 
21 2 STATES. 
I 3 Original. 

I 4 1607, Va., Jamestown, Cavalier, 1788, Old Domin- 
ion. 

1614, N. Y., Manhattan, Dutch, 1788, Empire 
State. 

1620, Mass., Plymouth, Puritan, 1788, Bay State. 
1623, N. H., Portsmouth, Puritan, 1788, Granite 
State. 

1633, Conn., Windsor, Puritan, 1788, Nutmeg State. 

1634, Md., St. Marys, Catholic, 1788, Oyster State. 
1636, R. I., Providence, Baptists, 1790, Little 

Rhody! 

1638, Del., Christiana, Swedes, 1787, Diamond 
State. 

1663, N. C, Albemarle, Cavalier, 1789, Old North 
State. 

1664, N. J., Elizabethtown, English, 1787, Clam 
State. 

1670, S. C, Charleston, Cavalier, 1788, Palmetto 
State. 

1683, Pa., Philadelphia, Quakers, 1788, Keystone 
State. 

1733, Ga., Savannah, English, 1788, Buzzard State. 
2 3 Territory of the U. S. 



150 Outlines of United States History. 

i 4 1630, Me., Pemaquid, English, 1820, Pine Tree 
State. 

1669, Wis., Green Bay, French, 1848, Badger 
State. 

1680, Mich., Mackinaw, French, 1837, Wolverine 
State. 

1682, 111., Cahokia, French, 1818, Sucker State. 
1702, Ind., Vincennes, French, 1816, Hoosier State. 
1702, Ala., Mobile Bay, French, 18 19, Lizard State. 
1716, Miss., Natchez, French, 1817, Bayou State. 
1724, Vt., Fort Dummer, English, 1 791 , Green Mt. 
State. 

1754, Tenn., English, 1796, Big Bender State. 
1769, Ky., Booneville, English, 1792, Blue Grass 
State. 

1788, Ohio, Marietta, English, 1803, Buckeye 
State. 

W. Va., English, 1863. 
3 Purchased Territory. 
I 4 1565, Fla., St. Augustine, Spanish, 1845, Peninsu- 
lar State. 

1690, Ark., Little Rock, French, 1836, Bear State. 
1700, La., Near New Orleans, French, 1812, Creole 
State. 

1 719, Mo., Fort Orleans, French, 1821, Pike State. 
1812, N. D., Pembina, English, 1889. 
1833, Iowa, Dubuque, Americans, 1846, Hawkeye 
State. 

1847, Neb., Bellevue, Americans, 1867, Bug State. 
1854, Kan., Atchison, Americans, 1861, Garden 
State. 

1859, S. D., Yankton, Americans, 1889. 
1867, Wyoming, Cheyenne, Americans, 1890. 
4 3 Conquered Territory. 



Outlines of United States History. 151 



1 4 1769, Cal., San Diego, Spanish, 1850, Golden State. 
1850, Nev., Genoa, Americans, 1864, Mining State. 
5 3 Occupied Territory. 
i 4 181 1, Oregon, Astoria, Americans, 1859, Hard 
Case State. 
1845, Wash., Turnwater, Americans, 1889. 
1862, Idaho, Pioneer City, Americans, 1890. 
6 3 Independent — Annexation. 
i 4 1685, Texas, Lavaca, French, 1845, Lone Star 
State. 
7 3 Disputed Origin. 
i 4 18 19, Minn., Fort Snelling, Americans, 1858, Go- 
pher State. 

1859, Col., Denver, Americans, 1876, Centennial 
State. 

1861, Montana, Helena, Americans, 1889. 



DEVELOPMENT OF OHIO. 



^Claims to ownership. 

I 2 England claimed it from Grant of James I., 1606. 
2 2 France claimed it from discover} 7 of La Salle, 1669. 
3 2 Adjustment. 
I 3 French Operations. 
i 4 Forts on Lake Erie and the Ohio River. 
I 5 Presque Isle, Le Bouef, Venango, etc. 
2 4 Mission work of the Jesuits. 

3 4 Plates of leaden inscriptions buried in the valley. 
4 4 Three hundred Canadian families settled the val- 
ley. 

5 4 Formal possession by Gov. Du Ouesne, of Canada. 
2 3 English Operations. 
I 4 1726, Indians transfer lands to the English. 
2 4 1730, Stations established. 
3 4 1749, Ohio first settled at Pickawillany. 
4 4 1749, Ohio Company formed. 
I 5 Members — Lawrence and Augustine Washington 

and Thos. Lee. 
2 5 Purpose — To hold Ohio Valley. 
3 5 Explorations and Adventures of Gist and Geo. 
Washington. 

3 3 French and Indian War — Favorable to England. 
(152) 



History of Ohio. 



153 



Early Inhabitants— Indians. 

3 Tribes and Location. 

I 3 Delawares — Tuscarawas and Muskingum Valleys. 
2 3 Miamis — Great and Little Miamis. 
3 3 Ottawas — Maumee Valley. 
4 3 Wyandots — Sandusky Valley. 
5 3 Shawnees — Scioto Valley. 
6 3 Mingoes — Scioto and Ohio Valleys. 
7 3 Chippewas — Shore of Lake Erie. 
! 2 Early Disturbances with Indians. 
I 3 1763, Pontiac's Conspiracy. 

2 3 1774, Massacres of Moravians — Christian Stations. 
3 3 Lord Dunmore's War. 

4 3 1782, Crawford's Expedition — Crawford burned at 

the Stake. 
5 3 Expedition of Bowman and Clarke. 
6 3 Eloquent Speech of Logan, the Mingo Chief. 
7 3 1789, Treaty with the Six Nations. 
I 4 Wyandots, Delawares, Ottawas, Chippewas, Sacs 
and Pottawattomies. 
8 3 1790, War with the North West Indians. 
I 4 Harmar's Expedition in 1790. 
I 5 Army of 1,400 men. 

2 5 Harmar defeated with loss of 183 men. 
2 4 1791, Expedition of Gov. St. Clair. 
I 5 Army of 2,000 men. 

2 5 Army of Little Turtle, over 1,500 men. 
3 5 Result — St. Clair defeated — nearly 1,000 killed 
and wounded. 
3 4 Expedition of "Mad Anthony". 
I 5 Army of 3,000 drilled men. 
2 5 Battle of Fallen Timbers. 
i 6 Slaughter of Indians. 



Outlines of United States History. 



2 6 Nine Chiefs killed. 
3 6 Forced Treaty of Greenville. 
3 5 Treaty of Greenville in 1795. 
I 6 Signed by Chiefs of twelve Tribes. 
2 6 Indians gave up their lands. 

3 6 U. S. paid them $20,000 and annual pension of 
$9,000. 
4 4 Result of the War. 
I 5 Ended Indian difficulty in Ohio. 
2 5 Industrial development received attention. 
3 5 Increase of population, 3,000 (1790); 15,000 
( 1795)- 

x Title to Ohio since 1763. 

I 2 Virginia claimed it. from Original Grant. 

2 2 Parts claimed by Connecticut, Massachusetts, and 

New York. 
3 2 These claims ceded to Government. 
4 2 Cessions within Ohio Territory. 
I 3 Ohio Company, 1,500,000 acres on the Muskingum. 
2 3 Symmes' Purchase, 250,000 acres between Miami 
Rivers. 

3 3 Virginia Military Lands, 6,570 square miles, be- 
tween Scioto and Little Miami. 

4 3 Military district of 4,000 square miles in Central 
Ohio. 

5 3 Congress, Refugee, Moravian and Turnpike Lands. 
6 3 Western Reserve (Fire Lands), Conn. Reserve, 

3,840,000 acres. 
7 3 School Lands, Section 16 in each township. 

x White (English) Settlements. 

I 2 1786, Ohio Company formed in Boston. 
I 3 Purpose — Settlement of Ohio Valley, 
2 3 Members — Hamilton, Putnam, Tupper, Knox, Cut 



History of Ohio. 



155 



ler, Parsons, Varnum, Sargeant, Dexter, etc. 
3 3 1787, April 7, the Mayflower landed 48 souls at 

Marietta. 
4 8 Government. 
i 4 Ordinance of 1787 — Self-government. 
2 4 Putnam, Governor; Tupper, Secretary. 
3 4 Charter of Putnam — 13 Sections. 
I 5 First to sixth — Organization. 
i 6 Governor to be selected by the Company. 
2 6 Grand Council. 
I 7 Three Supreme Judges. 
2 7 Three Territorial Associate Judges. 
3 6 Salary — -Governor, $40 per month, and Judges, 

$1 per day. 
4 6 Meetings — Three sessions annually. 
2 5 Sixth to ninth. 
I 6 Encouragement to Immigration. 
1 7 Each Immigrant entitled to 100 acres, free. 
2 7 Members "Must visit the sick, clothe the naked 
feed the hungry," etc. 
3 5 Ninth. 

I 6 Males between age of 18 and 45 must perform 
four days of Military labor every year. 
4 5 Tenth to eleventh. 
i 6 Legal holidays granted; Sabbath observance 
enjoined. 

5 5 Twelfth and thirteenth — Schools and Libraries. 
2 2 1788, Columbia settled by 26 Pennsylvanians. 
3 2 1788, Cincinnati founded by Denmar and Ludlow. 
4 2 1790, Hamilton County laid out by St. Clair. 
5 2 1791, Gallipolis settled by 500 Frenchmen 
6 2 1795, Dayton laid out. 
7 2 1796, Chillicothe founded by Massie. 
8 2 1796, Cleveland founded by Moses Cleveland. 



156 Outlines of United States History. 



g 2 1798, Steubenville founded. 
io 2 1799, Zanesville founded. 
11 2 1800, Lancaster laid out. 
12 2 1801, Springfield surveyed. 
13 2 1812, Columbus settled. 

5 x Events in its Early History. 

i 2 1 78 1 , Birth of Mary Heckewelder, the first white 
child born in Ohio. 

2 2 1787, Ordinance passed and St. Clair became gov- 
ernor. 

3 2 1788, First Court held at Marietta; Fearing, first 
Lawyer. 

4 2 Daniel Story, the first Clergyman and Teacher. 
5 2 1790, First Church in Ohio at Columbia. 
6 2 1793, First Newspaper in Ohio. 

i 3 Sentinel of the North West; Maxwell, Editor. 
7 2 1799, "Zane's Trace" opened— First Mail Route. 
8 2 1799, First Territorial Assemby at Cincinnati. 
9 2 Harrison the first delegate to Congress. 
io 2 1800, Conn, ceded her reserve to Government. 
11 2 1801, Washington attempts to secure State govern- 
ment. 

12 2 1802, Constitution framed. 

13 2 1802, St. Clair as Governor deposed. 

14 2 1803, Ohio admitted. 

I 3 Capital located at Chillicothe. 

2 3 Edward Tiffin elected Governor. 

3 3 Thos. Worthington and John Smith chosen Sena- 
tors. 

4 3 Jeremiah Morrow elected Representative. 

6 i Ohio as a State. 

1 2 Her People. 



History of Ohio. 



157 



I 3 Western Reserve and Muskingum Valley — New 
England. 

2 3 Scioto Valley — Emigrants from Va. and Ky. 
3 3 Cincinnati — Irish and German. 
4 3 Ohio Valley — French. 
2 2 Her Leading Men. 
I 3 St. Clair, Harrison, Oliver, Burnet, Findlay, Vance, 
Tiffin, Massie, Stiles, Worthington and Byrd. 
3 3 Condition of her people. 
I 3 "Food of the Hunter; clothing, homespun; furni- 
ture, home-made; homes, log cabins." 
4 2 Inauguration of State Government. 
I 3 Contest between the Federalists and the Republi- 
cans. 

I 4 Federal Leaders — St. Clair, Burnet, and Stiles. 
2 4 Republican Leaders— Tiffin, Massie, and Worth- 
ington. 

3 4 Success of Republicans — Tiffin elected governor. 
4 4 1803, March 1st — First Meeting of Legislature. 
i 5 Chillicothe, the Capital. 
2 5 Massie, President of the Senate. 
3 5 Baldwin, Speaker of the House. 
4 5 State officers. 
i 6 Secretary of State, Creighton. 
2 6 Auditor of State, Gibson. 
3 6 Treasurer of State, McFarland. 
4 6 judges of the Supreme Court. 

i 7 Meigs, Huntington, and Sprigg. 
5 5 Legislature further organized the State. 
2 3 Progress of the State up to 18 10. 
I 4 Population — Nearly 240,000. 

2 4 Establishment of 18 Counties over State — general 
growth. 

3 4 Taxable property — $25,000,000. 



Outlines of United States History. 



4 4 1808, Blast Furnaces operated in Mahoning 
County. 

5 4 1810, Coal mining begun in Summit County. 
6 4 Educational — Not general. 
I 5 1810, Fourteen Newspapers. 
2 5 1804, Ohio University opened at Athens. 
3 5 1809, Miami University opened at Oxford. 
3 3 Events up to 1810. 
I 4 Ohio loyal to the letter of the Constitution. 
I 5 Opposed Amendments offered by Mass., N. C. 

and Ky. 
2 5 Nullification Resolutions. 
2 4 Burr's Conspiracy and Fall of Blannerhassett and 

Senator Smith. 
3 4 Sweeping Resolutions — 1810. 
i* Judges of Supreme Court, ) anmjllpH 



2 5 Secretary, Auditor and Treasurer, \ 
4 4 Location of the Capital. 

I 5 1800 to 1810, at Chillicothe. 

2 5 1810 to 1812, at Zanesville. 

3 5 1812 to 1816, at Chillicothe. 

4 5 1 8 16 to present, at Columbus. 
4 s Ohio in the War of 1812. 
I 4 1812, Gov. Meigs called out three regiments. 
2 4 Wm. Hull in chief command. 

3 4 Cowardice and surrender of Hull — Court-Martial 

and pardon. 
4 4 Harrison Commander-in-Chief in the West. 
5 4 Tupper's failure with 1,000 men. 
6 4 Winchester's defeat on the Raisin, .1813. 
7 4 Siege of Forts Meigs and Stephenson — Daring of 

Major Croghan. 
8 4 Perry's Victory on Lake Erie in 1813. 
9 4 Harrison at Thames — Death of Tecumseh. 




History of Ohio. 



159 



io 4 Result to Ohio — generally good. 
5 3 Early Public Works of Ohio. 
I 4 Canal System. 
r r> Miami and Erie — Cincinnati to Toledo — 250 mi. 
— #8,062,880. 

2 5 Ohio Canal — Portsmouth to Cleveland — 309 mi. 

—$4,695,203. 
3 5 WaLhonding Canal — 25 mi. — $607,268. 
4 5 Hocking Canal— 56 mi. — $975,481. 
5 5 Muskingum Canal— 91 mi. — $1,627,018. 
2 4 Artificial Lakes — Reservoirs — Canal Feeders. 
I 5 St. Mary's Reservoir, Mercer County, 17,000 

acres. 

2 5 Lewistovvn Reservoir, Logan County, 7,200 acres. 
3 5 Licking Reservoir, Licking County, 3,600 acres. 
4 5 Six Mile Reservoir, Paulding County, 2,500 acres. 
5 5 Lorain Reservoir, Shelby County, 1,800 acres. 
6 5 Sippo Reservoir, Stark County, 600 acres. 
3 4 Education — Common school System. 
i 5 -i822, Commission on Education created. 
i 6 Atwater, Hoge, Cutler, Collins, Guilford, Bell 
and Barber. 

2 5 23rd General Assembly passed Educational Bill. 

i 6 Tax of ^ mill upon County duplicate. 

2 6 Board of Examiners to grant Certificates. 
3 5 Promoters— Cutler (1819), Atwater (1821), Guil- 
ford (1825). 
4 5 Education in Ohio in 1890. 

i 6 Colleges, ranks first in the Union. 

2 6 Common school privileges, ranks with highest. 

3 6 School property valued at $30,000,000. 

4 6 School houses estimated at 12,700. 

5 6 Salaries of teachers estimated at $6,000,000. 

6 6 Teachers employed, about 25,000. 



Outlines of United States History. 

7 6 Pupils enrolled, 775,000; colored, 26,000; attend- 
ance, 67%. 

8 6 Colleges and Universities, 37; valued at $5,616,- 
000. 

9 6 State Colleges, three. 

10 6 Professional Schools, 18; Female, 14; Normal, 
7- 

5 5 Source of School Funds. 
I 6 Interest at 6% on one thirty-sixth of the value 

of each township. 
2 6 State funds of one mill on the dollar. 
3 6 Proceeds of fines, licenses and dog tax. 
4 6 Contingent fund, not to exceed seven mills on 

the dollar, levied by the Board of Education. 
6 5 General Statement. 
1 6 Six months' attendance per year, required by 

State. 

2 6 Township High Schools and Superintendence 
may be established. 

3 6 Township and County organization being im- 
proved. 

4 6 Universality of Teachers' Institutes over the 
State. 

5 6 Establishment of Teachers' and Pupils' Read- 
ing Courses. 

6 6 Annual and Quarterly Associations of Teachers 
of the State. 

7 6 Provision for State School Commissioner at a 

salary of $2,000. 
8 6 Two hundred and fifty libraries with 1,000,600 

volumes. 
9 6 Legal Holidays for teachers. 
i 7 Jan. 1st, Feb. 22nd, May 30th, July 4th, Thanks- 
giving and Dec. 25. 



History of Ohio. 



161 



io 6 School Book Commission of 1891, and its pro- 
visions. 
I 7 Composition. 
i 8 School Commissioner and four non partisan 
Educators appointed by Gov. for five years. 
2 7 Devise a series of text books to be used. 
3 7 Superintend the Supplying of text books. 
4 7 Salary of Commissioners — five dollars per day. 
6 3 Progress and development — 1825 to i860. 
I 4 Events. 

I 5 1825, Fifty thousand people receive La Fayette 

at Cincinnati. 
2 5 1 83 1 to 1838, Mormons in Ohio. 

I 6 Their disturbance and banishment. 
3 5 1832, Great floods on the Ohio; 63 feet above low 

water mark. 

4 5 1832, Cholera Epidemic in Ohio; again in 1849. 
5 5 1832, Charter for C. S. & C. R. R. granted; com- 
pleted to Springfield. 
6 5 1833-37, Toledo War — dispute over Michigan and 

Ohio boundary. 
7 5 Colleges — Dennison, Marietta, Lane, Cincinnati 

Law, Muskingum, Richmond, and St. Xavier. 
8 5 Exciting Campaign — Election of Tom Corwin. 
9 5 1846-48, Ohio in Mexican War. 
i 6 Five volunteer regiments raised. 
2 6 Nearly 6,000 men furnished. 
3 6 Losses — Not very great. 
IO 5 1846, Successful use of coal for smelting pur- 
poses. 

11 5 Pugh-Spencer Contest at Cincinnati. 
12 5 1850, Second Constitutional Convention. 

I 6 Place — Columbus; Session, 135 days. 

2 6 Members, 180 in all. 



Outlines of United States History. 



i 7 Medill, Scott, Vance, Groesbeck, Nash, Curry, 
Stanberry, etc. 
3 6 Old Constitution supplanted by the New, 185 1. 
13 5 Growing sentiment against slavery. 
I 6 Spirited discussion in General Assembly. 
2 6 Repeal of the Black Laws — Chase and Giddings. 
3 6 Bargain of Townshend and Morse. 
4 6 Fearless opposition to the Fugitive Slave Law. 
5 6 1856, Arrest of Oberlin Teachers for opposition 
to Fugitive Slave Law. 
7 3 Ohio in the Civil War. 
I 4 Her contributions. 
I 5 230 regiments — 317,000 soldiers. 
2 5 Generals — Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, McPherson. 
3 5 Cabinet — Chase, Stanton and Dennison. 
4 5 House— Garfield, Schenk, Shellabarger, etc. 
5 5 Senate — John Sherman and Ben Wade. 
6 5 State — Cox, Monroe, Tod and Brough. 
7 5 1863; $1,332,025 direct tax for Nation. 
8 5 Millions to support Ohio Troops in the War. 
g 5 Nearly $1,000,000 raised by the Women for the 

Soldiers. 
io 5 Losses. 

i 6 Killed, • 1 1,000; left dead on the field, 6,000; 
deaths by sickness, 13,000. 
2 4 Events. 

I 5 Siege of Cincinnati and Raid of Morgan. 

2 5 Capture and confinement of Morgan with seventy 

others. 
3 5 Escape of Morgan. 

4 5 Arrest and banishment of Vallandingham. 
5 5 1863, Great contest for governorship between 
Vallandingham and Brough. 
I 6 Brough elected by over 100,000 majority. 



History of Ohio. 



163 



6 5 Convention of "War Governors". 
7 5 1862, State University founded at Columbus. 
8 5 Execution of Martin by Gen. Hooker. 
8 ? Events since the War. 
I 4 Her influence toward Reconstruction. 
2 4 Marvelous growth in wealth and population. 
3 4 1867, Suspension Bridge at Cincinnati opened. 
4 4 Sherman and Thurman, U. S. Senators. 
5 4 1867, Hiram College; 1870, Wooster University; 
1870, Ohio State University reorganized; 1871, 
Ohio Normal University. 
6 4 1873, Attempt to revise the State Constitution 
failed. 

7 4 Great floods on the Ohio, 1883, '84, 85 and '87. 
8 4 Cincinnati Riots, 1884. 
9 4 Temperance legislation. 

I 5 Pond Bill, Scott Law, Dow Law, and Owen Law. 
io 4 Growth of the State. 
I 5 1890, Population — 3,666,719. 
2 5 Railroads — Ranks third in the U. S. 
3 5 Growth of Cities. 
i 6 Cincinnati, 296,309. 
2 6 Cleveland, 261,546. 
3 6 Columbus, 90,398. 
4 6 Toledo, 82,652. 

5 6 Dayton, Springfield, Canton, etc. 
4 5 Development of Oil and Natural Gas in North- 
western Ohio. 
5 5 Rank of State. 
i 6 First — Education, Value of Farms, Wool Rais- 
ing, Building Material. 
2 6 Second — Iron, Steel, Bituminous Coal and Pack- 
ing. 

3 6 Third — Manufactures, Railroads, Wheat. 



Outlines of United States History. 



ii 4 Establishment of Soldiers' Homes at Dayton and 
Sandusky. 

12 4 Frequency of labor troubles in Coal regions. 

13 4 Manual and Industrial School at Toledo. 

14 4 State Board of Health, and Dairy and Food 

Commissions established. 
15 4 Centennials at Marietta and Columbus. 
16 4 "Tally Sheet" case. 
17 4 Australian Ballot System adopted. 
18 4 School-book Law adopted. 
19 4 1 891, Campbell-McKinley Debate at Ada. 
9 3 Government of Ohio 1851-91. 
I 4 State Government. 
I 5 Departments. 
I 6 Legislative. 
i 7 General Assembly. 
i 8 Senate. 
I 9 Members elected every two years. 
2 9 38 members in all. 
3 9 Salary — $600, and 12 cents mileage. 
4 9 Eligibility — can not hold any other office. 
5 9 Vacancies — filled by election. 
2 8 House of Representatives. 
1 9 Members elected every two years. 
2 9 108 members in all. 
3 9 Salary — same as Senate. 
4 9 Eligibility — same as Senate. 
5 9 Vacancies — same as Senate. 
3 8 General provisions. 
I 9 Meetings — annual — 1st Monday in January. 
2 9 Members elected first Tuesday after first 

Monday in November. 
3 9 Resident of district one year prior to elec- 
tion. 



History of Ohio. 



4 9 Appropriations limited to two years. 
2 6 Executive. 
I 7 Governor. 
i 8 Term — Two years. 
2 s Salary — $8,000. 
3 8 Duties. 

I 9 Transmits annual message to Assembly. 

2 9 Fills vacancies in State offices. 

3 9 Grants pardon and reprieves. 

4 9 Makes appointments. 

5 9 General Executor of laws of the State. 
2 7 Lieutenant Governor. 
i 8 Term — Two years. 
2 8 Salary. 
3 8 Duties. 

i 9 President of Senate. 

2 9 Duties of Governor in case of removal. 
3 7 Secretary of State. 
I 8 Term — Two years. 
2 8 Salary — $2,000 and fees. 
3 8 Duties. 

i 9 Keeps record of laws passed. 

2 9 Issues State Statistics. 

3 9 Keeper of State Seal. 

4 9 Countersigns order of Governor, etc. 
4 7 Auditor. 
I 8 Term — Four years. 
2 8 Salary — $3,000. 
3 8 Duties. 

I 9 Signs money orders. 

2 9 Controls School funds and forfeited lands 
3 9 Instructs County Auditors. 
5 7 Treasurer. 
I 8 Term — Two years. 



i66 Outlines of United States History. 



2 8 Salary — $3,000. 
3 8 Duties. 
I 9 Handles the State funds. 
6 7 Attorney General. 
1 8 Term — Two years. 
2 8 Salary — $3,000 and fees. 
3 8 Duties. 
1 9 State's legal adviser. 
2 9 Appears in Court for the State. 
*p State School Commissioner. 
I 8 Term — Three years. 
2 8 Salary — $2,000. 
3 8 Duties. 

I 9 Looks after the interests of the Common 
Schools. 

2 9 Visits Institutes and Associations. 
3 9 Delivers public lectures on Education. 
4 9 Appoints State Board of Examiners. 
5 9 Adviser on educational topics. 
8 7 Member of Board of Public Works. 
i 8 Term — Three years. 
2 8 Salary — $8oo, and expenses. 
3 8 Duties. 
I Canals, etc. 
3 6 Judiciary. 
I 7 Class of Courts. 
I 8 Supreme. 

I 9 Five judges elected by the people. 
29 Term — Five years. 

3 9 Sessions — annual — beginning in January. 
4 9 Salary — $4,000. 
2 8 Circuit. 

I 9 Seven Circuits with three judges in each. 
2 9 Term — Six years. 



History of Ohio. 



3 9 Sessions — two in each county every year. 
3 8 District. 
I 9 Ten^Common Pleas Districts. 
2 9 70 Common Pleas judges. 
3 9 Salary — $2,500. 
2 4 County Government. 
I 5 Officers. 
I 6 Commissioners. 
1" Three — elected by people. 
2 7 Term — three years. 
3 7 Sessions — four every year. 
4 7 Duties — legislative. 
2 6 Auditor — elected for three years. 

i 7 Duties, similar to Auditor of State. 
3 6 Treasurer, elected for two years. 
4 6 Recorder, elected for three years. 
5 6 Surveyor, elected for three years. 
6 6 Sheriff — Executive officer, two years. 
7 6 Coroner, every two years. 
8 6 Infirmary Director, every three years. 
9 6 Clerk of Court, elected for three years. 
io 6 Prosecuting Attorney, two years. 
1 1 6 Probate Judge, every three years. 
12 6 Judge of Court, every five years. 
3 4 Township Government. 
i 5 Officers. 
I 6 Trustees, three years. 

2 6 Treasurer, Clerk, Constable and Assessor. 
3 6 Justices of the Peace, three years. 
4 6 Board of Education. 
2 5 Time of Election — 1st Monday in April. 
io 3 Governors of Ohio. 
I 4 1803 to 1807, Edward Tiffin, Democrat. 
1807 to 1808, Thomas Kirker, Democrat. 



Outlines of United States History. 

1808 to 1810, Samuel Huntington, Democrat. 
t8io to 1814, Return J. Meigs, Democrat. 
1814 to 1814, Othniel Looker, Eight months. 
1814 to 1818, Thomas Worthington, Democrat. 
1818 to 1822, E. A. Brown, Democrat. 

1822 to 1823, Allen Trimble, Whig. 

1823 to 1826, Jeremiah Morrow, Democrat. 
1826 to 1830, Allen Trimble. 

1830 to 1832, Duncan McArthur, Whig. 

1832 to 1836, Robert Lucas, Democrat. 

1836 to 1838, Joseph Vance, Whig. 

1838 to 1840, Wilson Shannon, Democrat. 

1840 to 1842, Thomas Corwin, Whig. 

1842 to 1844, T. W. Bartley, Whig. 

1844 to 1846, Mordecai Bartley, Whig. 

1846 to 1848, William Bebb, Whig. 

1848 to 1850, Seabury Ford, Whig. 

1850 to 1853, Reuben Wood, Democrat. 

1853 to 1855, William Medill, Democrat. 

1855 to 1859, Salmon P. Chase, Republican. 

1859 to 1861, William Dennison, Republican. 

1861 to 1863, David Tod, Republican. 

1863 to 1865, John Brough, Republican. 

1865, Mar. to Oct., Charles Anderson, Republic 

1865 to 1867, Jacob D. Cox, Republican. 

1867 to 1 87 1, Rutherford B. Hayes, Republican. 

1871 to 1873, Edward F. Noyes. Republican. 

1873 to 1875, William Allen, Democrat. 

1875 to l8 76, Rutherford B. Hayes. 

1876 to 1877, Thomas L. Young, Republican. 

1877 to 1879, Richard M. Bishop, Democrat. 
1879 to 1883, Charles Foster, Republican. 
1883 to 1885, George Hoadley, Democrat. 
1885 to 1889, Joseph B. Foraker, Republican. 



History of Ohio. 



169 



1889 to 1891, James E. Campbell, Democrat. 
11 3 Distinguished Names from Ohio. 
i 4 Presidents, W. H. Harrison, Grant, Hayes and 
Garfield. 

2 4 Chief Justices — Salmon P. Chase and M. R. Waite. 
3 4 Associate Justices — McLean, Swayne, Woods and 
Matthews. 

4 4 Presidents of Senate — Wade and John Sherman. 

5 4 Speaker of House — J. Warren Keifer. 

6 4 Secretary of State — Cass, afterward of Mich. 

7 4 Secretaries of Treasury — Ewing, Corwin, Chase, 

Sherman, and Foster. 
8 4 Secretaries of War — McLean, Stanton, Sherman 

and Taft. 

9 4 Secretaries of Interior — Ewing, Cox, and Delano. 
io 4 Postmasters-General — Meigs, McLean, and Den- 
nison. 

ri 4 Attorneys-General — Stanbury and Taft. 

12 4 Senators — Worthington, Smith, Tiffin, Meigs, 
Campbell, Griswold, Morrow, Kerr, Ruggles, 
Trimble, Brown, Harrison, Burnet, Ewing, Morris, 
Allen, Tappan, Corwin, Chase, Wade, Pugh, Sher- 
man, Thurman, Matthews, Pendleton, Payne and 
Brice. 

13 4 Distinguished Representatives during the W T ar 
and since the W T ar — Giddings, Schenck, Shellabar- 
ger, Bingam, Ewing, Thurman, Cox, Groesbeck, 
Garfield, Hurd, McKinley, Converse, Neal, Law- 
rence, etc. 

14 4 Poets — Alice and Phebe Carey, Howells, Kinney, 
Edith Thomas, Read, Gallagher, Gage, Piatt, and 
Sherwood. 

15 4 Painters — Powell, Cole, and the two Beards. 
16 4 Sculptors — Powers and Ward. 



Outlines of United States History. 

17 4 Editors— Halstead, Locke, McLean, Hammond, 
Don Piatt, Medill, Cowles, etc. 

1 8 4 Authors — Tourgee, Howells, Venable, Hildreth, 
Stowe, Burnett, Kennan, Howe, Perkins, etc. 

19 4 Educators— Andrews, Hinsdale, McCabe, Fin- 
ney, Harvey, White, Scovel, Holbrook, Lehr, 
Thompson, Mendenhall, Mitchell, Smythe, etc. 



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